<p>The Esino  is a river in the Marche region of central Italy.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The source of the river is east of Monte Penna in the province of Macerata near the border with the province of Ancona. The river flows east past Esanatoglia and curves north by Matelica before crossing the border into the province of Ancona near Cerreto d&#39;Esi. The river continues flowing north before curving northeast near Genga. It then flows northeast near Serra San Quirico, Maiolati Spontini, Castelplanio, Castelbellino, Jesi, Chiaravalle and Montemarciano before flowing into the Adriatic Sea near Falconara Marittima.</p><br>
<h2>Esino DOC</h2><br>
<p>Since 1995, the area around the Esino has been permitted to produce red and white Italian DOC wines. Grapes are limited to a harvest yield of 12 tonnes/ha with the finished wines requiring a minimum alcohol level of 10.5%. Reds are a minimum 60% of Montepulciano and/or Sangiovese with other local grape varieties permitted to fill out of the rest. Whites are predominantly composed of Verdicchio (50-100%) with other local varieties permitted to fill out the rest.</p><br>
<p>Great Needle Peak  is the summit of the central Levski Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, Antarctica. Rising to 1,679.5 m, it is the third highest peak of both the mountains and the island after Mount Friesland  and St. Boris Peak . Great Needle Peak surmounts Huron Glacier and its tributary draining Devnya Valley to the north, Magura Glacier to the east, Srebarna Glacier to the south, and Macy Glacier to the southwest.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The peak’s name derives from the Spanish name form pico Falsa Aguja (False Needle Peak) that probably dates back to 1957, with ‘great’ becoming established in usage and considered more suitable than ‘false’ as this heavily glaciated, major peak could hardly be associated with the ‘true’ Needle Peak (pico Aguja), a sharp rocky peak of elevation just 370 m situated near Samuel Point 8 km away.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent and GPS survey of Great Needle Peak was made on 8 January 2015 by the Bulgarian mountaineers Doychin Boyanov, Nikolay Petkov and Aleksander Shopov from Camp Academia locality (541 m) via Lozen Saddle (437 m) and Plana Peak (740 m). Their measured peak elevation of 1,679.5 m)), and confirmed that the summit of both the mountains and the island is indeed the 1700.2 m high Mount Friesland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The peak is located 6.7 km east of Mount Friesland, 3.32 km east by south of Levski Peak, 2.21 km south-southeast of Plana Peak, 2.54 km south of Sitalk Peak and 1.84 km south of Tutrakan Peak, 2.15 km southwest of Helmet Peak, 3.32 km northwest of M&#39;Kean Point and 1.29 km north of Serdica Peak.</p><br>
<h2>Maps</h2><br>
<p>Islas Livingston y Decepción. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:100000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.</p><br>
<p>S. Soccol, D. Gildea and J. Bath. Scale 1:100000 satellite map. The Omega Foundation, USA, 2004.</p><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov et al., Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005</p><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. (First edition 2009. )</p><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017.</p><br>
<p>Gaspereau Lake is a lake in Kings County, Nova Scotia, Canada,</p><br>
<p>about 10 km south of the town of Kentville, Nova Scotia on the South Mountain.</p><br>
<p>It is the largest lake in Kings County, and the fifth largest lake in Nova Scotia.</p><br>
<p>The lake is shallow with dozens of forested islands and hundreds of rocky islets (skerries).</p><br>
<p>The water level of the lake is controlled by Nova Scotia Power.</p><br>
<p>At the natural outlet to the Gaspereau River,</p><br>
<p>in the north-east corner of the lake, there is a control dam and fish ladder.</p><br>
<p>Another control dam at the south-east corner of the lake controls outflow to a canal which diverts water to Hydroelectricity</p><br>
<p>stations on the lower sections of the Gaspereau River system.</p><br>
<p>In late spring the namesake fish, gaspereau(Alewife) migrate from the ocean up the Gaspereau River, and spawn in the shallow waters of Gaspereau Lake.</p><br>
<p>Manasbal Lake  is located in Ganderbal District in the State of Jammu and Kashmir in India. The name Manasbal is said to be a derivative of the Lake Manasarovar. Lake is encircled by three villages viz., Jarokbal, Kondabal  and Ganderbal and is stated to be the deepest lake  in India. The large growth of lotus  at the periphery of the lake  adds to the beauty of the clear waters of the lake. The Mughal garden, called the Jaroka,  built by Nur Jahan overlooks the lake.</p><br>
<p>The lake is a good place for birdwatching as it is one of the largest natural stamping grounds of Aquatic birds in Kashmir and has the sobriquet of "supreme gem of all Kashmir Lakes". The rootstocks of lotus plant which grows extensively in the lake are harvested and marketed, and also eaten by the local people.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>The lake is approached from Srinagar by a 30 km road via Shadipora, Nasim and Gandarbal. Road to Wular Lake, the largest lake in Kashmir, passes through this lake, via Safapora.</p><br>
<p>it is also easy to reach to Manasbal from Sonmarg via ganderbal.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It is believed to be an ancient lake by locals but exact dating is yet to be done. Close to the northern shore of the lake are the ruins of a 17th-century fort, called the jarogabagh, built by the Moghuls, used in the past by caravans traveling from Punjab to Srinagar.</p><br>
<h2>Topography</h2><br>
<p>The lake is surrounded by the Baladar mountains on the east, by an elevated plateau known as Karewa comprising lacustrine, fluviatile and loessic deposits on the north and bounded by the Ahtung hills in the south, which are used for limestone extraction.</p><br>
<p>Along the course of the Jhelum River, the Manasbal Lake falls under the third series of high altitude lakes of the Himalayas (designated with respect to their origin, altitudinal situation and nature of biota they contain) as the valley lakes (Dal, Anchar Lake, Manasbal etc.) situated at the altitudinal zone of 1,585 –; the other two types being the high altitude wetlands (altitude 1,585 - amsl) of the second series of lakes (Nilnag) in the lower fringes of Pir Panjal ranges right in the midst of pine forests, and the glaciated lakes of the first series situated on the inner Himalayas between 3,000 – amsl (Alipathar, Sheshnag, Kounsarnag, Tar Sar, Marsar, Vishansar, Gangbal, Kishan Sar, Kyo Tso, Pangong Tso, etc.) which have probably originated during the third Himalayan glaciation. A fissure is reported to be running from east to west at the centre of the lake.</p><br>
<h3>Land use</h3><br>
<p>Important vegetation in the catchment of the lake comprise Orchards (apple, mulberry), some Platanus (Chinar trees) and Salix trees. Safar, a nearby village of Safapur which has a grove of Chinar trees, is known as Badshah Boni, royal Chinar, and was planted in imitation of the Nasim Bagh in Srinagar. Maize, mustard and wheat are generally the main crops grown in the agricultural lands of the catchment. In recent years, land use pattern has changed with more land used for horticulture and also diversion of land for construction purposes. &.</p><br>
<h2>Hydrology</h2><br>
<p>The drainage basin for the lake, covering an area of 33 km&sup2, has no major inlet channels and is thus fed mainly by precipitation (rain and snow fall) and springs (more than 1,200 springs). Lake water outflows to the Jhelum River through a regulated outflow channel. The lake is the source of water for fishing and for obtaining food and fodder plants.</p><br>
<p>The lake not only provides source of water but also offers facilities for navigation and transportation, fisheries, harvesting of economically useful plants, sightseeing, tourism and recreation.</p><br>
<h2>Water quality issues</h2><br>
<p>Some of the water quality parameters reported relate to:</p><br>
<p>The lake is Monomictic Mixing type and develops thermal stratification in March to November. Maximum depth of the Thermocline is 9 m. Hypolimnion temperature ranges from 8.5 &deg;C to 11 &deg;C.</p><br>
<p>pH value varied from a maximum of 8.8 on the surface to a minimum of 7.7 at 11 m depth in year over the 12 months period</p><br>
<p>DO value varied from a maximum of 10.4 on the surface to a minimum of 2.2 at the bottom in year over the 12 months period</p><br>
<p>Maximum Nitrogen Concentration (NH4-N of 13 on the surface and 120 at the bottom of the lake have been reported.</p><br>
<p>The lake water temperature varied from a minimum of 6 &deg;C in January to 27.5 &deg;C in June/July at the surface and correspondingly 6 &deg;C and 19 &deg;C, at the bottom of the lake.</p><br>
<h3>Flora</h3><br>
<p>Within the lake water, the flora recorded comprise the following.</p><br>
<p>Emerged Macrophytes, floating Macrophytes, submerged Macrophytes and Phytoplankton. In the reported period, the biomass production due to Planktons was a maximum of 864.9 milligrams/ sq cm in June with a minimum of 54 milli grams/sq cm in December.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>The fauna recorded in the lake are the Zooplankton, Benthos and Fish. The economically important fishes reported are:</p><br>
<p>Schizothorax niger, S. esocinus, Cyprinus carpio specularis+, C. carpio communis+ and Neomacheilus latius.</p><br>
<p>Note:+ considered economically important</p><br>
<p>Cyprinus, an exotic species, has proliferated extensively after its introduction in 1956. A decline in the population of indigenous species due to rapid changes in the environment was reported.</p><br>
<h2>Deterioration of the lake</h2><br>
<p>Eutrophication was recorded and confirmed by the test results in the lake. Ceratophyllum demersum recorded increase in the lake area. Dense mono specific stands have been created by the weeds. Further, decrease in species diversity has occurred, increase in the period of anoxic conditions and accumulation of H2S in deeper waters has been reported. Pollution has also taken place due to lack of waste water treatment plants.</p><br>
<p>World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) which conducted an extensive survey of the lake in 1997 attributed the reasons for the deterioration of the lake, particularly on its banks, gradually turning it into a stinking marsh, due to the following.</p><br>
<p>large-scale illegal encroachment on the periphery on Ganderbal and Qazibagh sides in the form of hundreds of trees, vegetable gardens, toilets, residential structures, garbage dumping sites</p><br>
<p>siltation due to noxious run-off from adjoining fields, stone quarries and lime kilns</p><br>
<p>the flow of sewage and use of fertilizers in the agricultural fields in its adjoining villages</p><br>
<p>80 per cent of the lake was seen under the thick blanket of weed</p><br>
<p>WWF recommended several measures to be undertaken for the restoration of the lake.</p><br>
<h2>Lake restoration works</h2><br>
<p>It was only in the year 2007 that lake restoration measures could be undertaken with the formation of Wular-Manasbal Development Authority (WMDA) under the Government of Jammu and Kashmir.</p><br>
<p>WMDA undertook the following measures for restoration and to improve the general environment of the lake.</p><br>
<p>removing the illegal constructions</p><br>
<p>pedestrian walkway/pathway construction around the lake periphery of 11 km</p><br>
<p>manual de-weeding</p><br>
<p>dredging</p><br>
<p>demarcation of the lake</p><br>
<p>construction of STPs and</p><br>
<p>regulation of limestone extraction and afforestation of mountains to restore lake’s glory</p><br>
<p>Chief Executive Officer of the WMDA has been reported stating that:</p><br>
<p>Shikara operators of the Lake area have reported that “there has been a lot of improvement in its condition”</p><br>
<h2>Hindu temple</h2><br>
<p>Wullar-Manasbal Development Authority has reported unearthing of an ancient Hindu temple, on the eastern shore of the Manasbal Lake, built in the traditional architectural style of ancient Kashmir. The lower half of the temple, which was buried in earth, was found during the restoration works undertaken for the lake. Dated to 800-900 AD, during Avantivarman or Sankaravarman rule, based on epigraphic writings, the temple, constructed in local grey stone, has a unique pyramid-shaped roof top with Corinthian or floral motifs. It is stated to be a new pilgrimage attraction for pilgrims who visit the cave shrine at Amarnath and the Kheer Bhawani temple at Tulmulla in Ganderbal district. Other tourist attractions in the lake area are the Manasbal Temple, the ruins of a terraced Mughal garden and sculptured stones of some Buddhist shrines on the banks of the lake.</p><br>
<h2>Water skiing</h2><br>
<p>The weather is pleasant in the months of May and August, when the lake offers water skiing sport, which is now becoming an increasingly popular activity in many rivers and lakes in India. Jammu & Kashmir Tourism Department (JKTD) provides essential water skiing equipment and trained instructors to adventure seekers. The lake’s surface sheen and its long length and width attract tourists to water skiing sport. However, the noise and turbulences of waterskiing boats will totally change the environment of this last quiet lake and could risk to take away one of its main attractions: Peace. There is still a discussion going on whether or not a more environmentally sensitive form of sustainable tourism would be more appropriate for this special lake - to not turn it into a second Dal Lake.</p><br>
<p>Rock Creek Station and Stricker Homesite is a historical site operated by the Idaho State Historical Society. It includes the Stricker Store and Farm, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Two previously important roadways  met at this site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At one time, the Rock Creek Station was the largest stage station between Fort Hall and Fort Boise. In 1864, Ben Holladay selected the site for a home station on his Overland Stage Line. In 1865, James Bascom built the Rock Creek Store. In 1876, Herman Stricker purchased the store and remained the proprietor until it closed in 1897.</p><br>
<p>Visitors can see the Rock Creek Store building, Stricker home, reconstructed summer house, and an interpretive center.</p><br>
<p>Franklin Historic Properties is a historical site operated by the Idaho State Historical Society in Franklin, Idaho. The site consists of the L. H. Hatch House, the Relic Hall, and Franklin Cooperative Mercantile Institution, which were separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, 2001, and 1991 respectively.</p><br>
<h2>Hatch House</h2><br>
<p>The L. H. Hatch House is a two-story stone Greek Revival house. Its design features the typical street-facing gable end and three-bay front facade; details include stone quoins at the corners and decorative woodwork. The house was constructed in 1874, after the Greek Revival&#39;s height of popularity in America, and is one of the best-preserved examples of the style in Idaho.</p><br>
<h2>Relic Hall</h2><br>
<p>The Relic Hall is a rustic-style building constructed in 1937. The Civilian Conservation Corps built the structure, and its design exhibits the typical log architecture used by the CCC; this design consists of a stone foundation, log walls, and a shingle roof with exposed rafters. The building houses a variety of historical collections; while the Idaho State Historical Society owns the building, the collections are administered by the Idaho Pioneer Association.</p><br>
<h2>Franklin Cooperative Mercantile Institution</h2><br>
<p>The Franklin Cooperative Mercantile Institution, which was built in 1869, was a cooperative general store organized as part of a wider Mormon movement. The movement, which was centrally led by Mormon authorities, saw the opening of local general stores which received their goods both from wholesalers and community residents. The store building is a stone Greek Revival structure; while stone was a common building material during the Mormon settlement of Idaho, few of Franklins early stone buildings survive. The cooperative store operated until the 1880s, when the cooperative movement faded and it was bought by a single owner. In 1923, the building became one of Idahos first history museums and was the predecessor of the Relic Hall.</p><br>
<p>Aka Island is an island in the Pacific Ocean and is part of the Kerama Islands group in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.</p><br>
<p>The island is commonly known as Aka or Aka-shima and is located some 15 miles to the southwest of Okinawa Island. It has a subtropical climate and a population of approximately 330 people.</p><br>
<h2>Coral reefs and wildlife</h2><br>
<p>The water surrounding Aka-jima is supplied from the Kuroshio current. Healthy coral reefs, with a rich diversity of sea life, make the area a treasure trove for marine scientists, divers and snorkelers.</p><br>
<p>In 1988 Akajima Marine Science Laboratory (AMSL) was established under the auspices of the Japanese Science and Technology Agency. A number of scientists visit AMSL every year to research the coral reef ecosystems.</p><br>
<p>Around 360 fish species and 1,640 invertebrate species (including hermatypic corals) and 220 seaweed species have been recorded in the Kerama Islands, but many groups of organisms have not yet been surveyed. Green turtles, loggerheads, and hawksbill turtle lay eggs on the beaches in summer. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are regular visitors in January to April and use the Kerama Islands as their breeding ground.</p><br>
<p>Akajima is also noted for its terrestrial wildlife, especially its birds, butterflies and Golden silk orb-weaver spiders. Kerama deer (a subspecies of the Japanese deer) are unique to the Kerama islands group and are able to swim between the islands. These deer have been designated a national protected species of Japan.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Summers have extreme oceanographic conditions and about five typhoons approach Akajima every year, especially in early summer. The northern monsoon brings strong north winds and large swells from October to April.</p><br>
<h2>Transport</h2><br>
<p>Akajima port has a regular ferry service that links the island with neighbouring Zamami and the capital of Okinawa (Naha). The Island is also served by a small airstrip on Fukajijima. Fukajijima, Gerumajima and Akajima are connected by road bridges.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Historically, the Kerama Island group was a part of the Ryukyu Kingdom. For some 600 years, the islanders were employed as navigators for the Kingdom’s trading vessels between Okinawa and China. The islands also provided good moorings on the sea route. A house of the Takara family, one of the captains of these vessels, is preserved as an Important Cultural Property of Japan.</p><br>
<p>Aka was one of the first landing places for US Forces in the Battle of Okinawa. US Forces landed on March 26, 1945, and went on to take islands of Zamami, Geruma and Tokashiki. Over 500 residents committed suicide by order of the Japanese troops in order to avoid capture.</p><br>
<p>Aka-jima is also famous for the story of two dogs: Shiro on Aka-jima and Marilyn on Zamami-jima. They met when Shiro travelled on his owners boat to Zamami but the passion was such that he started swimming over every day to rendezvous with Marilyn on Zamami&#39;s Ama beach.</p><br>
<p>The locals frequently sighted Shiro paddling across the (3 km) strait. His feat was so amazing that it gained national recognition and inspired the film: Marilyn ni Aitai (I want to see Marilyn). Marilyn died in 1987, bringing an end to Shiro&#39;s seafaring days, and he himself died at the advanced age of 17. There is a statue of Shiro on Nishihama beach (his point of departure) and a similar monument to Marilyn also exists on Zamamijima.</p><br>
<p>The river Durdent is one of the many small coastal rivers that flow from the plateau of the Pays de Caux into the English Channel.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The river rises just northwest of Yvetot, near Héricourt-en-Caux, at the meeting of the two streams, the Saint-Denis and the Saint-Riquier, then takes a north-northwest route, typical of the rivers of the Seine-Maritime department. It passes through the villages of Robertot, Sommesnil, Oherville, Le Hanouard, Clasville, Grainville-la-Teinturière, Cany-Barville, Vittefleur and Paluel and empties into the English Channel at Veulettes-sur-Mer. In earlier times, it powered many watermills along its course.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>The Durdent valley is home to many bats such as the rare vespers bat, the large and lesser horseshoe bat and the mouse-eared bats. More common species, such as the long-eared bat and Daubenton&#39;s Bat are present in large numbers. Kniphofia (red-hot pokers) grow in a few places along the river’s course.</p><br>
<p>Helmet Peak is a conspicuous peak rising to 1,254 m in Levski Ridge, Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica just southward of the mouth of Huron Glacier. It is bounded by Devnya Valley to the west, Iskar Glacier to the northeast, and Magura Glacier to the southeast, and has precipitous west and east slopes. It was named by Discovery Investigations personnel during the period 1926–32.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The peak is located at (62&deg;40&prime;11&Prime;S latitude, 60&deg;03&prime;15&Prime;W longitude) which is 2.15 km northeast of Great Needle Peak, 1.66 km east-southeast of Tutrakan Peak, 1.39 km south of Intuition Peak, 1.17 km west of Plovdiv Peak and 2.8 km north of Radichkov Peak.</p><br>
<h2>Maps</h2><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.</p><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. (First edition 2009. )</p><br>
<p>L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017.</p><br>
<p>Tangra-Mountains-location-map.pngLocation of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands</p><br>
<p>Devnya-Valley.jpgHelmet Peak and Devnya Valley from Zemen Knoll, with Vitosha Saddle in the background and Zlatograd Rock in the foreground</p><br>
<p>Tangra-Great-Needle.jpgHelmet Peak (in the left background) and Great Needle Peak from Kuzman Knoll</p><br>
<p>Levski-Tangra.jpgHelmet Peak from Lyaskovets Peak, with Levski Peak, St. Ivan Rilski Col and Great Needle Peak on the right</p><br>
<p>Livingston-Island-Map-2010-15.pngTopographic map of Livingston Island and Smith Island</p><br>
<p>The Birches is a historic house on Foster Lane in Belgrade Lakes, Maine. Built in 1916 to a design by John Calvin Stevens and John Howard Stevens, it is the best-preserved surviving structure related to The Belgrade Hotel, a large summer resort hotel which burned down in 1955. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Birches stands on the east side of Foster Lane, a short way south of its northern end at Lakeshore Drive, and about 0.15 mi south of that road&#39;s junction with Maine State Route 27. It is a rectangular 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and shingled exterior. Its main facade faces northwest, with an enclosed single-story hip-roofed porch extending across its width. The southwest roof face is adorned with an eyebrow dormer, and a fieldstone chimney rises through the northeast roof face. The interior has a large two-story living room, finished entirely in original varnished tongue-and-groove woodwork. A balcony runs around all four sides, with a stair rising along the wall dividing the room from bedrooms and bathrooms.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1916, as a satellite cottage to The Belgrade Hotel, built in 1899 and twice enlarged, all to designs by the noted Portland architect John Calvin Stevens. The cottage is one of four built, and was probably designed by Stevens in conjunction with his son, John Howard Stevens. The hotel burned down in 1955, and this cottage is the best-preserved of the three that survive. It was sold as a separate property after the fire, and was used as a summer cottage until 1994, when it was weatherized for year-round occupancy.</p><br>
<p>The Northern Pacific Depot in Hinckley, Minnesota, United States, is a wood-framed depot built in 1895, the year after the previous depot was destroyed in the Great Hinckley Fire on September 1, 1894. The depot was built from the plans of the previous depot. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The building was originally built by the St. Paul and Duluth Railroad, which was acquired by the Northern Pacific Railway in 1900. The Northern Pacific operated the depot until the mid-1960s. The building had separate mens and womens waiting rooms, a freight room, a restaurant known as the "Beanery", and a stationmaster&#39;s living quarters on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The depot is now known as the Hinckley Fire Museum. The museum interprets the history of the fire that destroyed six towns and burned over 400 square miles. It also explains how the town was rebuilt and how the area shifted to agricultural use after the lumbering era ended.</p><br>
<p>The Copper Mountains are a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States.</p><br>
<p>The range is contained mostly within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, though Coon Creek Peak is within the Jarbidge Ranger District.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Named peaks include the high point, Copper Mountain, and two lesser peaks, Silver Mountain and Coon Creek Peak. It is considered by some to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The valley of Coon Creek lies to the north, with Copper Basin to the east, the valley of Copper Creek to the southeast and the Bruneau River valley to the south, southwest and west. The core of the Jarbidge Mountains are located further east and northeast.</p><br>
<p>Arcadia is a historic house located between Frederick and Buckeystown, Maryland. Built about 1790, the house overlooks Monocacy National Battlefield. The house was extensively altered in the late 19th century and now possesses an elaborate balconied tower. The interior was also extensively updated at that time.</p><br>
<p>The house played a role in the Civil War when in the days prior to the Battle of Antietam Confederate Colonel (later General) William Pendleton stayed at Arcadia. It later became General George Meade&#39;s headquarters in the time leading up to the Battle of Gettysburg. During the Battle of Monocacy General Jubal Early formed his troops at Arcadia.</p><br>
<p>Arcadia was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Far Rockaway, formerly known as the Russell Sage Memorial Church, is a historic Presbyterian church located in the Far Rockaway neighborhood of Queens, New York. It was commissioned by Olivia Slocum Sage as a memorial to her late husband, Russell Sage , as they used to summer in the area. She also commissioned a large, memorial stained glass window of a landscape, designed by Tiffany Studio.</p><br>
<p>Designed by the noted architect Ralph Adams Cram (1863–1942), the church was built between 1908 and 1910 and is a Neo-Gothic-style building laid out in a traditional cruciform plan. It is constructed of brick with concrete trim and a steeply sloping slate-covered roof. Connected to the church are a parish hall and manse. The surrounding landscape, designed by the Olmsted Brothers, is a contributing element to its designation of historic significance.</p><br>
<p>The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>St. Monicas Church is a historic former Roman Catholic parish church in the Diocese of Brooklyn, located in Jamaica, Queens, New York. It was built in 1856 and is a brick basilica type building in the Romanesque style. It features a four-story entrance tower in the center of its three bay wide front facade. Saint Monicas Church has been refurbished on the Campus of York College as a child care center.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>St. Monica&#39;s Roman Catholic Church was constructed by master mason Anders Peterson under the direction of Reverend Anthony Farley. The Church is marked by its distinctive central campanile, which is reminiscent of the Romanesque architecture. Farley selected Jamaica master mason Anders Peterson, a Dane who also owned a local grist mill, as the contractor. Peterson was prominently familiar with the contemporary building history of the area and was responsible for the fine masonry of the First Reformed Church (1861-1863) and that of Grace Episcopal Church (1861-1863). The cornerstone of the building was laid in 1856 and on August 15, 1857, Bishop Loughlin, the first Bishop of Brooklyn, presided over the dedication of the church.</p><br>
<p>St. Monicas Roman Catholic Church was designed as a red brick Romanesque Revival style building with a tall central campanile and an Italian flavor. the structure was given "an impression of height beyond its actual size" by slender pilasters outlining the brick. Most of the buildings modest decoration was made so by the delicate brick situated on the top of the side walls. The insdie of the church is a great open hall, which has been redecorated twice in a much higher style (during 1893 and the 1930s). It was constructed with no interior columns for support; the interior was made spacious and could seat 500 people. During the 1940s, Mario M. Cuomo was an altar boy for this church.</p><br>
<h2>Neglect and preservation</h2><br>
<p>St. Monicas Roman Catholic Church has been destroyed by vandalism and neglect. The churchs leaded-glass windows were broken, the copper gutter were ripped off the roof, holes were chopped into the sides of the building, and all the inside pews were carried away. It held a final Mass of thanksgiving before it closed its doors to make way for the growing multimillion-dollar York College expansion.</p><br>
<p>Henry Ludder Jr., head of a committee within the Friends of Jamaica History, stated that St. Monicas Church was a historic site that "not only could be preserved - it could become an important community resource. St. Monicas Church, the oldest Catholic Church on Long Island was considered to be a fine and early example of Victorian Italianate public architecture. A final mass was held in June 1973, and the building has remained empty and slowly deteriorated since then.</p><br>
<p>According to an article, St. Monicas Church became vacant and was in a deteriorating state in the 1970s; it was marked for demolition by the citys Housing Preservation and Developing Department. However, the demolition order was "placed on hold" pending efforts by the Friends of Jamaica History and the Queens Borough President&#39;s Office to preserve the building as a historic site. Both argued that the church could be restored and repaired for public use and be protected if funded with $300,000 to $500,000.</p><br>
<p>It was listed by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1979 and on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Usage as day care center</h2><br>
<p>St. Monicas Roman Catholic Church, after years of neglect and partial collapse, has been re-purposed as a childs day care center. According to Robert Hampton, president of York College which is part of the City University System, St. Monica "symbolizes in many respects what York College symbolizes to its community. A place for people to transform their lives as St. Monica had to transform her life. Its important to have a sense of history." In December, 2003, ground was broken and acquired for the York College Child Care Center, cost a state-funded $4.7 million; this projects architecture represented "a fashion of something old and something new." This two-story, 10,000-square-foot steel and glass day care center incorporated the two-story brick facade and bell tower, which were all that remained of the 1856 Roman Catholic Church. The Church&#39;s walls and roof collapsed in 1999 following 12 days of torrential rain fall. However, the relic was saved on the recommendation of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.</p><br>
<p>This 10,000-square-foot red brick, steel and glass building was made to accommodate up to 100 kids; the ages of the children ranged from infants under six months of age to pre-schoolers. The facility included learning spaces and eight playrooms; its hours of service then were from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. for both day and night students. According to York student and psychology major, Rita Kalu, "It will be really nice, and help the students stay in school and finish in four years&#39; time."</p><br>
<p>The Newtown–Stephensburg Historic District is located in the central section of Stephens City, Virginia along USA Route 11 from the far northern to the far southern boundaries of the town and from just east of Green Hill Cemetery to just west of the interchange of State Route 277 and Interstate 81.</p><br>
<p>It is a 65 acre historic district that includes 143 contributing buildings and 4 additional contributing sites.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area that makes up the Newtown–Stephensburg Historic District was originally settled in 1734 by German settler Peter Stephens. Stephens travelled from Pennsylvania with Joist Hite in 1732. Hite&#39;s grandson, Issac Hite, Jr. would later build the Belle Grove Plantation in nearby Middletown, Virginia.</p><br>
<p>Peter Stephens son, Lewis Stephens, was the owner of the original 900 acre that made up the town of Stephensburgh, as it was called when chartered and founded in September 1758.</p><br>
<p>Stephensburgh would become the second oldest town in the Shenandoah Valley (behind nearby Winchester, Virginia). Since its beginnings, the town would be a commercial hub along the "Great Philadelphia Wagon Road" (what is now today USA Route 11) and the "Old Dutch Wagon Road" (what is today State Route 277). Because Routes 11 and 277 were two very heavily traveled arteries through the 19th and 20th centuries, the town&#39;s businesses oriented towards transportation from the nationally known "Newtown Wagon" companies for the 1800s to today numerous service centers and eateries.</p><br>
<p>The historical integrity of the individual buildings and the general townscape that make up this historic area is impressive; little to no new construction has taken place in this area since the early 1940s.</p><br>
<p>The Hibbs Pyramid is a pyramidal dolerite island, located in the Southern Ocean, off the south western coast of Tasmania, Australia. The island is contained within the Southwest National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site.</p><br>
<h2>Features and location</h2><br>
<p>With a surface area of 4.65 hectare, the island is located in Hibbs Bay, adjacent to Point Hibbs at an elevation of 73 m above sea level. The nearest major centre is, located approximately 50 km to the north.</p><br>
<p>In early stages of the exploration of the region, the Pyramid Rock was considered a good sheltering location for coastal shipping offloading materials.</p><br>
<h2>Hibbs Pyramid Group</h2><br>
<p>The Hibbs Pyramid group of islands includes:</p><br>
<p>Hibbs Pyramid</p><br>
<p>Leelinger Island</p><br>
<p>Hays Reef</p><br>
<p>Black Island</p><br>
<p>Montgomery Rocks</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>Recorded breeding seabird and wader species are the little penguin (820 pairs), short-tailed shearwater (9,000 pairs) and sooty oystercatcher. fur seals haul-out on an adjacent rock. Reptiles present include the metallic skink and Tasmanian tree skink.</p><br>
<p>In 2003 there was a mass stranding of 110 long-finned pilot whales and twenty bottle-nosed dolphins at Hibbs Pyramid. All of the animals died.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The island, together with the adjacent Hibbs Bay, Hibbs Lagoon, Hibbs River, and Point Hibbs are named in honour of Peter Hibbs, an English mariner who arrived in the Colony of New South Wales (now Australia) in 1788 aboard HMS Sirius, a ship of the First Fleet. Commanding the Norfolk on a voyage around Tasmania in 1798-99 that carried Matthew Flinders and George Bass, Flinders named a cluster of features on the west coast of Tasmania after Hibbs.</p><br>
<p>Krestovsky Island  is a 3.4 km² island in Saint Petersburg, Russia, situated between several tributaries of the Neva: the Srednyaya Nevka, the Malaya Nevka and the Krestovka. The island is served by the Krestovsky Ostrov "Крестовский остров" station of Saint Petersburg Metro. Until recently, the western part of the island was occupied by the Maritime Victory Park, where the international Goodwill Games of sports and athletics competition took place in 1994, which was the first large scale post-Soviet Union international event in Russia. A new stadium, Krestovsky Stadium, is located where Kirov Stadium was. The stadium serves as home for FC Zenit Saint Petersburg.</p><br>
<p>Meanwhile, the eastern part of this beautiful St Petersburg island, has seen slow but steady urbanization since the early 1900s, which has slowly changed its parkland nature. Recently there has been even more pressure from today&#39;s "nomenclature" to locate top-end housing projects and high-prestige homes here - a long-time tendency that also continues today, since historically the island was always owned by families who were close to and favourites of the Tzars/"powers-to-be" and who served them well.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The history of Krestovsky island and its near past up to the early 1900s is closely tied with the owners of the island, the Belosselsky-Belozersky family, and the way they developed and used the island. In the 19th through early 20th centuries the island belonged to the Belosselsky-Belozersky family. Aided by the infusion of wealth from the fortune of his second wife Anna Grigorievna (ne&#39;e Kozitskaya and the wealth through her mother&#39;s Myasnikov family from Siberian mining and metals fortunes) Prince Alexander Mikhailovich Belosselsky-Belozersky acquired the island in 1803. Previously it had belonged to the courtier Count Cyril Razumovsky and his family. During the mid-1800s the Belosselskys reconstructed the original Razumovsky stone manor house, which was located at the southern shore of the island using the well-known architect A.I. Stackenschneider for the works. This house served the family as their summer retreat for years to come.</p><br>
<p>In the 1880s after having sold their famous Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace (the pink palace at No. 41 Nevsky Prospect at the Anichkov Bridge) to Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov (Tzar Nikolai the IInd&#39;s uncle) the Belosselsky-Belozersky family moved to live on their Krestovsky island and the estate at the southern side of the island, now year-round. They reconstructed the original Stackenschneider designed manorial building into a small palace (using the contemporary court architect Rastrelli for its design). Popularly, this building was known as the "Datcha of the Belosselskys".</p><br>
<p>Many street names on Krestovsky island today still remind of and reflect the Belosselsky-Belozersky family having owned and occupied the Krestovsky island: e.g. Olgina, Eleninskaya, Esperova, Konstantinova streets have survived the change of times and herald the names of some of the Belosselsky-Belozersky immediate family members who lived on the island at the end of the Tzarist period until the 1917 Russian Revolution (Olga&#39;s street, Elena&#39;s street, Esper&#39;s street, Constantin&#39;s street, respectively). Prior to the Revolution the main north to south street leading to the Belosselsky-Belozersky manor house was named Belosselsky Prospect (the Belosselsky avenue/view). After the Revolution of 1917, the street name was changed to Riukhina street (which runs South towards the edge of Malaya Nevka from the new Metro station on the island). The St Petersburg citycouncil has approved and implemented, at the end of June 2011, the renaming of this part of the street to "Belosselsky Pereulok" (the Belosselsky Lane), bringing back a relevant piece of the Krestovsky history and improving the awareness of this important period of the islands history.</p><br>
<p>However, the Alexandrovskii avenue (avenue named for the first Belosselsky owner of the island, Prince Alexander Mikhailovich Belosselsky-Belozersky), Nadezhdinskaya (wife of Constantin Esperovich), Sergeievskaya, Andreievskaya (sons of Sergei Constantinovich), Mariinskaya streets (daughter of Constantin Esperovich) as well as the Nikolaievsky and Vladimirsky streets (named for the Tzar and the Romanov Grand Duke for whom Belosselskys served as aide de camp during the last years of the Tzarist era), these all have been victims of urbanization and disappeared under apartment blocks and Dynamo sports facilities built in the 1950s and since.</p><br>
<p>Two interesting streets and their names Yuriyuzanskaya and Vyazovaya still remain, reflecting two of the three main areas of metals and mining and the ironworks in the Urals, which were properties in Bashkiria/Bashkortostan (between Ufa and Cheliabinsk) owned by the Belosselsky family, (these also as a legacy of the marriage of Alexander Mikhailovich Belosselsky-Belozersky to Anna Grigorievna Kozitskaya and her inheritance from Myasnikovs) and from where they drew some of their enormous wealth still during the end of the 19th century. The third such street, Katavskaya street, does not exist any longer. Katavskaya street was named for the ironworks of Ust-Katav and Katav-Ivanovsk, which were major producers of metals and metallurgy for the Belosselskys&#39; enterprises. This street used to run parallel to the Belosselsky Prospect, immediately east of it and on the southern side of Morskoy prospect and has since the 1950s building of apartment "massifs" (blocks) been overtaken by these and "Dinamo" club&#39;s sporting venues and fields. The current Dinamo Prospect has replaced the former Alexandrovskii Prospect as the avenue leading from the Krestovsky Most (Bridge) in the eastern bridge-led entry to the island toward the Belosselsky-Belozersky summer palace/manor house, formerly the main conduit to the manor house but now blocked by the Dinamo sports fields and other adjacent constructed buildings.</p><br>
<p>Finally, the Novorossiskaya street, which also was overtaken by these same buildings and sportfields, ran parallel to the Katavskaya street to its east. This street was named in honor of Sergei Constantinovich being the commander of His Majesty&#39;s Third Dragoons of Novorossiisk Dragoons&#39; Regiment. The same fate has fallen to the southwestern embankment of the island, which was named Amerikanskaya ulitsa (American street) in honor of the nationality of Sergei Constantinovich&#39; wife Suzy Belosselsky-Belozersky ne&#39;e Susan Tucker-Whittier (daughter of General, US Army, Charles Whittier).</p><br>
<h2>Early sports venue for tennis, polo, sailing, rowing</h2><br>
<p>On Krestovsky island, many "first" Russian sports venues and activities were launched with Belosselsky-Belozersky active support. The Krestovsky tennis club "Lawn Tennis Club", (with the main efforts undertaken by the resident Scotsman Arthur MacPherson, whose sons were some of the first Russian tennis champions with George Vassilievich Bray, who is considered to have been the first Russian Champion. George was also the Treasurer of the Krestovsky Lawn Tennis Club; See the note at the bottom of this paragraph for more information) Belosselsky horse polo grounds, as well as a yacht club and a rowing club were launched here in late 19th century along with a clay pigeon shooting range; all prior to the 1917 Revolution.</p><br>
<p>The island was always a center for sports and recreation for the St. Petersburg residents. Prior to the revolution, it was also a unique gathering place and venue for the "high-society" active in sports, the military officers and foreign diplomats, who participated in the horse polo events organized by the Belosselsky-Belozerskys. As this sport was known to be a preferred sport of Englishmen at the time, the elder prince Belosselsky-Belozersky, Constantin Esperovich, became known as the "Angloman" for his keen interest in promoting this sport. His elder son, prince Sergei Constantinovich was one of the first Russian international players of polo and took part regularly in the annual events in England and France at Rugby, Paris Bagatelle, Deauville, Biarritz, Pau, etc. He organized many horse polo competitions on their Krestovsky island estate polo grounds, including international team events. Well known visiting and resident international players of the time included British Ambassador Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst (later Viceroy of India), British embassy secretaries Beaumont, Sperling, American Ambassador George von L. Meyer and Chargé d&#39;Affaires Spencer Eddy were among the company of the first local Russian players, who in addition to the Belosselskys, were Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovich of Russia, Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia, Prince Michael Cantacuzène-Speranski, Count Kinsky, Messrs. Mouravyi and Grabovski. A special frequent player was Sergei Constantinovich&#39;s fellow general, later a Finnish Marshal, Carl Gustaf Mannerheim, who also was part of the inauguration competition of the Krestovsky polo field, in the summer of 1897.</p><br>
<p>Sergei Constantinovich was also a founder and sponsor of an early St. Petersburg athletics club named "Sport", which was located on Krestovsky island. His activities led to him being invited to become a Russian representative to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). This made him the second all-time Russian and 28th overall representative to this venerable and still very active key international sports body. Prince Sergei acceded the IOC together with count Ribopierre, after Major-General A.D. Butovsky and before prince Troubetskoy. In capacity of the IOC member, prince Sergei participated in the organizational committee of the 1900 Paris Olympic games and took part in equestrian events.</p><br>
<p>The younger son of prince Constantin, prince Esper Constantinovich Beloselsky-Belozersky was an avid sailor and won an Olympic bronze medal in sailing (10 meter class) for Russia in the 1912 Stockholm Olympics as helmsman of the "Gallia II".</p><br>
<p>During the Soviet times, as well, the Krestovsky island was the base of many of the most successful sport and rowing clubs; among other, Energia and Krasnoe Znamia (Красное Знамя). Some fourteen Olympic champions came from this tradition. Founded in 1889 and active still on Krestovsky Island during the early 1990s as Znamia, the club produced Olympic rowing champions Y. Tiykalov, V. Boreiko, O.Golovanov, and A. Klepikov, as well as three-time Olympic kayaking/canoeing champion L. Pinaeva. In addition the club produced several World and European champions. A tradition started after WW II by the Krestovsky rowers is still alive today. The autumn meet in rowing they started became an international competition and continues as such today-every first Sunday of October.</p><br>
<p>The island was also home to the Leningrad division of the "peoples&#39; committee on internal affairs (NKVD)" sports and football club "Dinamo". Dinamo&#39;s athletic fields and grounds as well as clubhouse in the "functional" architectural style of the 1930s is the area due east of the Belosselsky-Belozelsky rebuilt manor-house. These cover still a large area despite recent encroaching business and apartment/housing projects.</p><br>
<p>Today, Krestovsky island continues its tradition as a base for sports and recreation and is still the home to half a dozen tennis clubs, several boating and rowing clubs as well as the site of the new "Zenith" football club stadium, replacing the Kirov stadium at the western spit of the island. Svetlana Kuznetsova, is the best-known contemporary Russian tennis player coming from the Krestovsky island tennis tradition of Russian champions, started by the Scot MacPherson, his sons as well as Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston and George Bray in the late 19th century. She is regularly ranked among the top ten professionals in the ladies&#39; world rankings.</p><br>
<p>Although the island has changed significantly since the Russian Revolution in terms of its land use, even more so during the past decade, there is still the dominant presence of sports on Krestovsky.</p><br>
<h2>Belosselsky-Belozersky residence</h2><br>
<p>Today, the Belosselsky-Belozersky residence on Krestovsky island has been reconstructed at the same location where it stood until the late 1950s (the original structure was badly damaged during the nearly 900-day siege of Leningrad, from shelling during World War II; it was repaired and used for various purposes, but was demolished finally around 1956). The rebuilt "Datcha" is true to the original architectural drawings but boasts all modern conveniences indoors, such as elevators, etc. It has been put on the market for sale recently.</p><br>
<p>Meanwhile, the only original structures which remain of the Belosselsky-Belozersky era to these days are some horse stables on the now former Riukhina street, present Belosselsky Pereulok/Lane and the still beautiful landscaped park with a small pond and walkways around it adjacent on the north-western and western side of the area where the Belosselsky-Belozersky house stood and now stands again.</p><br>
<p>There is also the unique "accent" piece of the estate remaining by the edge of the water, of the Malaya Nevka, due south of the property (and the rebuilt house). This is a beautiful dark rose colored granite stone structure, holding a bench circular steps enveloping the structure and leading to the water&#39;s edge, forming a landing for boats and offering a calm venue to view the Southern exposure from the estate. The structure, sitting under the shade of oak and linden trees, was draped with a beautiful wrought iron and bronze balustrade (original design of this beautiful structure was by a Swiss architect).</p><br>
<h2>Duel on Krestovsky Island</h2><br>
<p>Duel between Prince Nicholas Yusupov, Count Sumarakoff-Elston, and Count Arvid Manteuffel, over Marina von Hayden, the latter&#39;s wife. Nicholas Yusupov had caused a great open scandal by having an affair with the wife of the Imperial Horse Guards&#39; officer. It seems Felix Yusupov his younger brother had organized their first meeting.</p><br>
<p>The deadly encounter took place at dawn on July 5, 1908, when Count Manteuffel and Prince Yusupov met in a duel on the park land grounds of an estate owned by Belosselsky-Belozersky family, at the time Constantin Esperovich.</p><br>
<p>The parties and their seconds met as agreed at dawn on the 5th of July 1908. Nicholas Yusupov was mortally wounded by the second round of shots and died.</p><br>
<h2>Rasputin</h2><br>
<p>On 1 January 1917 (Old Style) the corpse of Grigory Rasputin was found close to the Bolshoj Petrovsky Most (bridge), off Krestovsky Island. From Maurice Paleologue&#39;s diary who was the last French Ambassador to Imperial Russia (the description is often questioned as being a historically correct description of the event...).</p><br>
<p>The Buckeystown Historic District includes the majority of the small town of Buckeystown, Maryland, an unincorporated community located in Frederick County, Maryland, USA. It is named for George Buckey, a tanner, and his brother, John Buckey, a blacksmith and tavern owner. Buckeystown is on the U.S National Register of Historic Places and the Maryland Civil War Trail due to its rich history and beautiful examples of Queen Anne and Victorian style houses, along with a small commercial center. Each historic home has a plaque indicating the year built, the earliest being circa 1780. There are also several historical information plaques installed along the main street.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land Buckeystown now sits on was once called "Good Luck." It began as a 400 acre parcel given to Meredith Davis by the King of England in 1731. Over time, more land was added to the original tract. A road that stretched from Pennsylvania to Florida bisected the town and sealed the area&#39;s fate: it was the perfect place for enterprising families to settle. The town grew due to the prosperity of several businesses which took advantage of the natural resources the location provided. Two mills were located along the Monocacy River, which runs behind the southside of town, the tannery and an ice creamery utilized a natural spring, and a brickworks used the naturally occurring lime.</p><br>
<p>Buckeystown enjoyed 100 years of prosperity from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century. Several wealthy families began to dominate the towns social scene. These families built the lavish mansions and proud stone homes which still grace the main streets today. Buckeystowns early industrial center gradually faded, leaving a well-preserved residential district with a particular emphasis on the 1870-1910 period.</p><br>
<p>The main thoroughfare, currently known as Buckeystown Pike or Maryland State Highway 85, was used during both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Soldiers marched through town towards decisive battles, following brave leaders including Stonewall Jackson and General Robert E. Lee.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>The small community of Buckeystown has several businesses including Hedgeapple Farm, the Buckeystown Market (a pub), the Frederick Inn Bed and Breakfast (formally known as The Inn at Buckeystown), Bodmers Stoves and Pottery, Maynes Farm, a convenience store and gas station, an antique store, two car clinics, a law firm and a veterinary hospital. Buckeystown Park, by the river on Michael&#39;s Mill Road, provides residents with grills, horseshoe pits, picnic shelters and a jungle gym. Four books have been written about Buckeystown history and architecture by resident, Nancy Bodmer. Until recently the town held Victorian House Tours.</p><br>
<h2>Demographics</h2><br>
<p>The median age for Buckeystown residents is 42.0. There are 39 men and 29 women. Buckeystown is located at 39.334N and -77.431W. Average town elevation is 334 feet.</p><br>
<p>Storfjorden or Storfjord is a 110 km long fjord in the Sunnmøre region of Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It stretches from the village of Hareid in the west to the villages of Tafjord and Geiranger in the east. The Storfjorden system branches off into several smaller fjords including the famous Geirangerfjord and Tafjorden. At the village of Stranda, the main fjord branches off into the Sunnylvsfjorden-Geirangerfjorden to the west and the Norddalsfjorden-Tafjorden to the east.</p><br>
<p>The name literally means the "big" or "great" fjord, indicating that this is a long fjord and it is, in fact, the main fjord in this region. Stretching about 110 km, Storfjord is the 5th longest fjord in Norway. The Storfjord is a dominant topographical feature in the Sunnmøre region as it cuts the region in two parts that are only connected by ferry. The deepest point in the fjord is 679 m near the village of Dyrkorn in Stordal Municipality.</p><br>
<p>The landscape around Storfjorden is typical for Western Norway. The mouth the fjord is surrounded by islands with mountains reaching 500 to 800 m above sea level. Further to the east there are higher mountains. At the villages of Tafjord and Geiranger, the mountains climb to about 1500 to 1800 m above sea level. Most of the Storfjorden has characteristically steep or very steep shores, interrupted by several gentle valleys stretching up to 30 km into the hinterland. In this way, the Storfjorden system is, along with the Nordfjorden, Sognefjorden, and Hardangerfjorden fjord-systems, the major samples of the typical west coast fjords highly praised by visitors.</p><br>
<p>On the steep shores of the fjord, there are several historic mountain farms such as Ytste Skotet in Stordal Municipality and Me-Åkernes, Skageflå, and Knivsflå in Stranda Municipality.</p><br>
<h2>Branches and sections</h2><br>
<p>From the coast to the inland</p><br>
<p>Mouth (the fjord flows out into two other fjords)</p><br>
<p>Sulafjorden</p><br>
<p>Vartdalsfjorden</p><br>
<p>Outer Storfjorden (there are two major branches off the fjord in this area)</p><br>
<p>Hjørundfjorden (which branches into the Norangsfjorden and Storfjorden)</p><br>
<p>Sykkylvsfjorden</p><br>
<p>Inner Storfjorden (there are two major branches off the fjord in this area)</p><br>
<p>Norddalsfjorden (16 km), which flows into the Tafjorden (8 km)</p><br>
<p>Sunnylvsfjorden (26 km), which flows into the Geirangerfjorden (15 km)</p><br>
<h2>Municipalities and villages</h2><br>
<p>This is a list of settlements along the fjord</p><br>
<p>Sula Municipality</p><br>
<p>Leirvågen</p><br>
<p>Ålesund Municipality</p><br>
<p>Vegsundet, Emleim</p><br>
<p>Sykkylven Municipality</p><br>
<p>Aure, Ikornnes</p><br>
<p>Skodje Municipality</p><br>
<p>Valle</p><br>
<p>Ørskog Municipality</p><br>
<p>Sjøholt</p><br>
<p>Stordal Municipality</p><br>
<p>Stordal</p><br>
<p>Stranda Municipality</p><br>
<p>Stranda, Liabygda, Geiranger, Hellesylt</p><br>
<p>Norddal Municipality</p><br>
<p>Valldal/Sylte, Eidsdal, Norddal, Tafjord</p><br>
<h2>Transportation</h2><br>
<p>Several car ferries cross the fjord, but there are no bridges or tunnels. The proposed Storfjord Bridge may one day cross the fjord, but it is cost prohibitive at this time. Here is a list of the ferry crossings:</p><br>
<p>Hareid-Sulesund from Hareidlandet in Hareid Municipality to the island of Sula in Sula Municipality across the Sulafjorden</p><br>
<p>Leirvågen-Festøya-Hundeidvik (a 3-point ferry crossing) from Leirvågen on Sula island across the Storfjorden to Festøya in Ørsta Municipality the on to Hundeidvik across the Hjørundfjorden in Sykkylven Municipality</p><br>
<p>Leknes-Sæbø across the Hjørundfjorden</p><br>
<p>Ørsneset-Magerholm from Ørsneset in Sykkylven Municipality to Magerholm in Ålesund Municipality, part of Norwegian County Road 60</p><br>
<p>Stranda-Liabygda from the village of Stranda in the west to Liabygda in the east, Norwegian County Road 650</p><br>
<p>Eidsdal-Linge across the Norddalsfjorden, part of Norwegian County Road 63</p><br>
<p>Geiranger-Hellesylt a tourist route along the Geirangerfjord, only operates in the summer</p><br>
<p>Due to the steep slopes along the shores, road construction is challenging and overland road transport is often limited to valleys. On the northern shore of the Storfjorden, there a continuous network of roads from Tafjord to the island of Sula using the roads 63, 650, E39, 656, 60 and 61. On the southern shore, there are only short sections of roads along the fjord itself.</p><br>
<p>During summer the Hurtigruten line visits the Storfjorden and Geirangerfjorden regularly.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph&#39;s Seraphic Seminary is a former Roman Catholic minor seminary in Callicoon, New York, located on the west side of Seminary Road in that town. A Romanesque part of the seminary was built in 1904. A historic district including church and agricultural buildings was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Founded in 1904, the school was dedicated by Cardinal John Farley, the Archbishop of New York, in 1911. It served as the minor seminary of the Holy Name Province of the Order of Friars Minor. This province covers the eastern United States from Maine to Florida. Students entered St. Joseph&#39;s in the 9th grade and remained until the completion of two years of college. The curriculum was classical, with Greek and Latin as core subjects. Upon completion of the six-year program at Callicoon, the seminarians would advance to the novitiate of the Order, where they prepared to be received as members of the Order.</p><br>
<p>The school was closed in 1972, and the property was sold to the federal government in 1977. Universities operated by the Franciscan friars of Holy Name Province include St. Bonaventure University and Siena College.</p><br>
<p>Vieux Carré Property Owners, Residents, and Associates , organized in the 1920s, is a pioneer organization in the historic preservation movement that grew out of several grass roots efforts to protect the 200-year-old Vieux Carré from decay and demolition. In 1936 the Louisiana state legislature passed a constitutional amendment authorizing the historic preservation of the Vieux Carré. Two years later on June 8, 1938 the neighborhood organization incorporated as a non-profit dedicated to the preservation, restoration, beautification and general betterment of the Vieux Carré.</p><br>
<p>The Vieux Carré is commonly known as the New Orleans, Louisiana&#39;s French Quarter district and is the site of the French Colony established in 1718.</p><br>
<p>VCPORA&#39;s affiliate memberships include the National Trust for Historic Preservation, the Louisiana Landmarks Society, and the Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans</p><br>
<p>Rooney Ranch is an historic ranch near Morrison, unincorporated Jefferson County, Colorado. Alexander Rooney came west in 1859 seeking an opportunity.</p><br>
<p>He did a variety work to earn his keep from stone masonry (Central City, the Masonic Lodge), cartage of lumber and other supplies to the mining camps around Denver and South Park, to a dairy farm. He found the high altitude uncomfortable, so he sought our winter pasture at lower elevations for his cattle. In the fall of 1861 he found what he was looking for along the eastern edge of the hogback, between the mountains and the plains. He brought his wife, Emeline, and his family west from Anamosa, Iowa.</p><br>
<p>Over the years, he acquired 4,480 acres of land. The family used homesteading of 160 acres for each qualified members of the family, they purchased military patents, State land grant college lands, Union pacific lands, and from other homesteaders. The ranch ran from the hogback on the west to the South Platte River on the east, from Bear Creek on the south to Table Mountain near Golden on the north.</p><br>
<p>His main earnings were from the cattle and horses he raised. He introduced Galloway cattle from Scotland. Shipped from Scotland to Missouri, he drove them overland to his ranch. The Galloway cattle provided both meat and heavy coats from their hides. He also bred Morgan horses which were sold to the United States Cavalry and the British Army. The family discontinued the cattle ranching in 1971.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Ranch buildings appear, externally much as they did in 1865 when they were built. Internally, the buildings have been updated with plumbing and electricity. The buildings are in the valley between a hogback range on the west and Green Mountain on the east. A creek runs the length of Rooney Gulch, and there are a mineral spring, clay pits, lime deposits, and coal deposits nearby. The original buildings were constructed by Alexander. Over the years, additional buildings were added by other family members, who have maintained the masonry skills.</p><br>
<p>Main ranch house - This two-story house with a gable roof was built in 1865. It is built of native sandstone and limestone. The walls are 18 in thick. The house is 36 by. The mortar used to bind the stones was mined on the ranch, burned in the ranch kilns and mixed with sand from the creek.</p><br>
<p>Spring house - 10 by, has the same appearance as the house and was constructed at the same time. It houses a spring which kept dairy products at 51°.</p><br>
<p>Rock Ranch House</p><br>
<p>Stone house</p><br>
<p>Barn and Tack house</p><br>
<p>Original barn and stable yard - 1865</p><br>
<p>Norddalsfjorden is a branch off of the main Storfjorden in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The fjord is located in Norddal Municipality and a small part is also in Stranda Municipality. The fjord is 16 km long, when you include the Tafjorden arm that stretches further east, it is 24 km in total. In the Middle Ages, the combined Norddalsfjorden and Tafjorden were probably called «Todarfjorden» . Norwegian County Road 63 and Norwegian County Road 650 runs along the fjord and includes a ferry crossing between Eidsdal and Linge. In the 1960s villages Stranda-Liabygda-Eidsdal-Valldal-Norddal-Fjørå-Tafjord were still connected by a web of ferry crossings.</p><br>
<p>The fjord&#39;s mouth sits to the west between the village of Liabygda on the northern shore and mount Skrednakken on the southern shore. Further into the fjord, the villages of Eidsdal and Norddal lie along the southern shore, and their respective rivers. Eidsdal is connected to Linge on the northern shore by a ferry. A few kilometers east of Linge lies the village Sylte at the mouth of river Valldøla which runs through the large Valldalen valley. Further east lies the tiny village of Fjøra, at the mouth of Tafjorden. The village of Tafjord lies at the end of the Tafjorden arm.</p><br>
<p>The Wynkoop House is located on New York Route 32 just north of an offramp from the New York State Thruway and its junction with NY 212 in the town of Saugerties, New York, United States. It is a linear stone house built in two sections by the descendants of Dutch settlers around 1740, and renovated in later years.</p><br>
<p>Architecturally, it has many well-preserved features of the type of Dutch stone house common in 18th-century Ulster County, with some others suggesting later efforts to distance its residents from the original idea. It remained in the hands of the Wynkoop descendants until the early 20th century. In 1984 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house is a rectangular -story, seven-bay stone house with gabled roof, front dormer windows and chimneys at both ends. The earliest portion of the house is marked by a small entrance and window near the north end on the front (east) facade; the later addition, constituting the bulk of the house, has a transomed door symmetrically placed between two windows on either side. The west facade has a matching door and window placement, now covered by an enclosed porch.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the original square block on the north end is a one-room space with exposed rafters and floorboards above. Much of the original wooden trim is still present, including some rare crown molding over the west door and south passageway to the later addition.</p><br>
<p>That wide passageway runs the length of the house, with smaller rooms of various purposes on either side. The fireplaces at either end of the addition have retained their original mantels, including the dentilled molding on the south one. Similar original woodwork is found elsewhere in the first story. The upper story has been subvidided into bedrooms and remodeled considerably.</p><br>
<p>The house has two outbuildings, a modern metal barn and detached garage, on its 3 acre lot. Neither are considered contributing resources to the NRHP listing. A late-19th-century photograph shows a carriage house near the property. No evidence of any other historic outbuildings has been found.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Cornelius Wynkoop brought his family name to the New World when he settled in present-day Hurley in 1667. His descendants had reached Saugerties by the middle of the following century. The land on which the house is built was originally granted to Richard Hays and George Mealls by James II in 1688. A Wynkoop is known to have built the house; however which one in unclear as unlike most other Ulster County stone houses, there is no stone with the builder&#39;s initials.</p><br>
<p>There is a date stone in the wall near the back door reading "1740", but they are not considered reliable sources for the true construction date of Ulster County stone houses, and other evidence suggests the larger portion of the house was added near the end of the century. It is likely that the smaller northern block was built around then. A 1763 map of Saugerties shows the house, the earliest known record.</p><br>
<p>The longer wing was added sometime in the later 18th century. Its symmetrical stylings and dormer windows suggest a strong Georgian influence, and masons&#39; marks on the bluestone window lintels bear dates in the 1790s.</p><br>
<p>The upper floor was remodeled in the 1920s with contemporary interior decorations such as wainscoting. Up until that time, descendants of the Wynkoops had continued to live in the house and preserve it. Later owners also kept it in its original form.</p><br>
<p>In the early 2000s one owner threatened to demolish it, claiming it was in advanced state of disrepair, and began plans to do so and develop the property as an office complex, clearing the surrounding trees. Local preservationists were able to stop the town from issuing the necessary permit. The Ulster County Genealogical Society expressed interest in using the house as its library.</p><br>
<h2>Aesthetics</h2><br>
<p>The fact that the house is built of stone to begin with is culturally significant. Dutch colonists in the Province of New York had lived under English rule since the end of the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1674, but they resisted assimilation by the newly dominant culture, often speaking Dutch as their first language and building stone houses in accordance with their native building traditions throughout much of the 18th century, including a period after American independence.</p><br>
<p>The Wynkoop House is a well-preserved example of a stone house that is not only Dutch but has stylistic touches distinctive to Ulster County as well, most notably in the gabled roof ends (elsewhere, gambrel roofs were preferred). On the outside, locally quarried limestone was used as the facing, as opposed to the cut sandstone seen in houses further south in the region. Inside, the crown molding and exposed floorboards are another regional hallmark.</p><br>
<p>The symmetry the house retained even after being tripled in size later in the century suggests that it was originally built with the expectation that it would eventually be expanded in that fashion. Similarly, the nearly identical facades suggest that Kings Highway, the predecessor to Route 32 on which the house was built, at one point ran to the west of the house and was later relocated to the east.</p><br>
<p>In the later years of the century, younger descendants of the Dutch began to see the stone houses their parents and grandparents had raised as archaic, and often modified them along more contemporary lines. The Georgian stylings and dormer windows of the later addition suggest an attempt to do this.</p><br>
<p>Peters Mountain is a 52 mi mountain in the Allegheny ridge, which makes it the longest mountain in the Appalachian Mountain Chain. It is located on the border between Alleghany County, VA, Monroe County, WV, Giles Co.,VA, and Craig Co.,VA. Its elevation ranges from 4,073 ft on the mountaintop to a low of 2,300 ft. It produces some of the water supply for Monroe County.</p><br>
<p>There are numerous sandstone outcroppings along the crest of the Peters Mountain and a number of high mountain bogs on Pine Swamp Ridge. The Mountain is primarily forested with upland oak, yellow poplar, red oak, and hickory.</p><br>
<p>The mountain was named for Peter Wright, who settled by the mountain in Covington, Virginia in 1746.</p><br>
<p>The Appalachian Trail traverses part of the crest of Peters Mountain. The Allegheny Trail also reaches its southern terminus here at the state boundary.</p><br>
<p>The Peters Mountain Wilderness, lying on the east slope of Peters Mountain in Virginia and designated in 1984, now has a total of 4,531 acre. It is managed by Jefferson National Forest.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Park General Hospital is a hospital complex located at 357 Glendale Avenue in Highland Park, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1979 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. The hospital primarily served African Americans.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Highland Park General Hospital sits on a 6 acre at the western edge of Highland Park, in an area that is primarily residential. The complex includes three separate buildings. The primary building faces Glendale, and includes the original hospital building, built in 1918, and the attached nurses&#39; residence (1925). The other two buildings are located behind the main unit, and consist of the power plant/laundry buildings (builtin in 1921 and 1940, respectively) and the Contagious and Psychopathic Units (built in 1926).</p><br>
<p>This complex of buildings was developed to be a coherent assemblage, united by a common use of materials, utilitarian design, and hierarchical relationship. The buildings constructed before World War II are detailed in a neo-Georgian style characteristic of the early 20th century period of construction, while elements built in the postwar era have no historical or ornamental detailing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Highland Park General Hospital is a significant landmark in the history of Highland Park. The hospital was one of the first two institutions established when Highland Park incorporated as a city in 1916. The main building was constructed in the period from 1918–1921, and the growth and usage of the hospital contributed to the strong municipal identity of Highland Park, particularly as Detroit grew and annexed the surrounding suburbs. The Highland Park General Hospital served the city as a hospital until its closing in 1976.</p><br>
<p>Altwood is a historic plantation house located near Faunsdale, Alabama. and began as a log dogtrot house. It was then expanded until it came to superficially resemble a Tidewater-type cottage. Brought to the early Alabama frontier by settlers from the Tidewater and Piedmont regions of Virginia, this vernacular house-type is usually a story-and-a-half in height, displays strict symmetry, and is characterized by prominent end chimneys flanking a steeply pitched longitudinal gable roof that is often pierced by dormer windows.</p><br>
<p>The house was moved to Cedar Crest Farms in 1988 and restored by members of the Rankin family. It was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on February 19, 1988 and to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1993 as a part of the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>The Monti della Tolfa or "Tolfa Mountains" are a volcanic group in the Anti-Apennines of the northern part of the Lazio region of central Italy. They are bounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea coast to the west, by the Monti Sabatini to the east, and by the Monti Cimini and the Mignone river to the north. Tolfa and Allumiere are the principal towns.</p><br>
<p>The highest peak is the Monte della Grazie, at 616 m above sea level. The Monti della Tolfa consists mostly of trachytes formed during the Eocene and the early Pleistocene.</p><br>
<p>The mountains are an important source of alunite, from which alum is extracted. The mineral was discovered there in 1461, and extensively mined until the mine closed in 1941, after almost 500 years; for much of this time it was the principal source of alum in Europe.</p><br>
<p>The Tolfetano breed of horse originates in the area, and takes its name from it.</p><br>
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<p>The Sparta Rock House State Historic Site is a stone building near Sparta, Tennessee, United States, that once served as a rest stop and tollhouse. Built in the late 1830s, the Rock House catered to traffic along an important wagon road between Knoxville and Nashville, offering badly needed lodging and supplies to travellers who had just crossed  the rugged Cumberland Plateau. The Rock House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 for its architecture and its historical role as an important rest stop.</p><br>
<p>The Rock House was probably built by either Samuel Denton or brothers Barlow and Madison Fiske, and initially operated by the latter two. Early guests at the Rock House included presidents Andrew Jackson and James K. Polk, and Governor Sam Houston. It was home to a tollhouse and supply store until at least the 1850s, and was used as a school at various times between 1880 and 1921. Due primarily to the efforts of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the state purchased and began restoring the Rock House in the 1940s. The Rock House is currently operated as a State Historic Site under an agreement with the Tennessee Historical Commission.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Sparta Rock House is located at the junction of USA Route 70 and White County Highway 2220 (Country Club Road). The Rock House property sits on a shelf-like slope that lies along the physiographic boundary between the Cumberland Plateau to the east and the Highland Rim to west. The elevation of US-70 is approximately 900 ft at Sparta (on the Highland Rim), 1,300 ft as it passes the Rock House, and just over 1,800 ft as it tops out at the edge of the Cumberland Plateau. The Rock House State Historic Site property includes a large plot of woodland that extends east from the Rock House to Old Bon Air Road.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Walton Road, an early wagon road connecting Knoxville and Nashville, forked at Crossville atop the Cumberland Plateau. The main branch (roughly following the modern US-70N) continued northwestward to what is now Monterey, while a second branch (roughly following the modern US-70) proceeded westward to what is now Sparta. To provide a rest stop for travellers along the latter branch, the Rock House was built on the property of local farmer Samuel Denton sometime between 1835 and 1839. While sources are unclear as to whether Denton or the Fiske brothers, Barlow and Madison, built the Rock House, the Fiske brothers were nevertheless in possession of the structure by 1839. There is no definitive evidence that Barlow and Madison Fiske were brothers. Along with providing a nightly stopover, the Rock House was used as a tollhouse until the late 1850s, as wagon roads during this period were often contracted out to local operators. The construction of the Bon Air Hotel atop the Plateau a few miles to the east in the 1840s no doubt brought increased traffic to the Rock House, although the hotel was destroyed during the USA Civil War.</p><br>
<p>In the late-19th and early-20th centuries, the Rock House was used variously as a residence and a school, known simply as the "Rock House School." In 1941, the Daughters of the American Revolution obtained appropriations from the Tennessee state government to purchase and restore the Rock House, which it operated as a public museum and meeting place for its local chapter. A local craftsman named Clifton Broyle completed numerous renovations at the Rock House in the 1960s.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The Rock House was originally a rectangular structure built of native sandstone quarried in the vicinity. A partition once divided the structure into two rooms, but that partition has been removed, and the original section of the structure now consists of one large room. A 1909 photograph shows a partially enclosed front porch spanning the front wall, but by the 1940s the porch had been torn down. In the mid-20th century, a new rear section was added to the structure, built of the same type of stone, but containing modern conveniences. The interior of the Rock House has large fireplaces at both ends of the original structure, and the wooden doors, window frames, ceiling, floor, and mantels are all original.</p><br>
<p>Cedar Haven was a historic Greek Revival plantation house located near Faunsdale, Alabama.</p><br>
<p>When the community of Woodville, near Cedar Haven, applied for a post office, the name Woodville was already in use by another Alabama community. Weaver suggested the name Uniontown and his suggestion remains as the name of the town until this day. Phillip J. Weaver was killed in Selma in 1865, purportedly by a Union soldier, several months after Wilson&#39;s Raid on Selma. The next owner of the plantation was John Davidson Alexander, born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina in 1820. He died in 1901. Cedar Haven was inherited by his son, Houston Alexander, following his death.</p><br>
<p>The house featured a two-story Doric tetrasyle portico. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1993 as a part of the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>The house, already badly deteriorated in 1995, was destroyed in 2000s.</p><br>
<p>The Clement Railroad Hotel Museum, housed in the Hotel Halbrook State Historic Site, is one of the few remaining examples of a railroad hotel in a small Tennessee town. It is located in historic downtown Dickson, Tennessee. Since opening on June 2, 2009, the hotel has hosted thousands of visitors locally, regionally, and internationally. The museum is often referred to as "our biggest artifact" by local people.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was constructed in 1913. The museum features exhibits and programming involving the Civil War, railroading, and local and regional history. The museum is fortunate to have many artifacts and items that once belonged to Tennessee Governor Frank G. Clement and his family. museum visitors will see the rooms where the Clements lived while managing the Hotel Halbrook as well as be able to view exhibits featuring Governor Clements early years, campaigns, and accomplishments.</p><br>
<p>Owned by the State of Tennessee, the Hotel Halbrook is one of the Tennessee Historical Commission&#39;s State Historic Sites, and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The museum receives a partial annual operating grant from the Tennessee Historical Commission. The museum is located at 100 Clement Place, or 100 Frank G. Clement Place, in Dickson.It was restored and opened to the public in 2009.</p><br>
<h2>Museum exhibitions</h2><br>
<h3>Railroading</h3><br>
<p>The colorful and dynamic heritage of railroading is showcased with artifacts including an oilcan, brake wheel, whistle marker, lantern, maps, postcards, and books. A folk art model of an engine and tender are almost miniature examples of an NC&St.L engine and Vanderbilt tender captured in a 1920s photograph in Dickson. This exhibit has been expanded to include a touch-screen panel of the Dickson rail-yard and downtown area. A hands-on display of a steam engine cabin, and a NC&St.L engine headlight are also showcased.</p><br>
<h3>The Clement family</h3><br>
<p>The Clement family rooms are furnished to represent the early 1920s when Belle Goad and Maybelle and Robert Clement lived in the managerial suite of rooms on the first floor. Room #5, where Governor Frank Clement was born, is furnished with several pieces of furniture from the Clement family including a bed, trunk, and cradle.</p><br>
<h3>Dickson County industries</h3><br>
<p>The Dickson County Commerce exhibit has interpretive panels on several early businesses and industries. This exhibit includes the display of a Dixie Swatter baseball bat which was used by major league teams during the 1920s and a Commodore youth bat, a 1930s Coca-Cola bottle impressed with Dickson Tenn. on the bottom, and the 50-millionth shirt made by Red Kap.</p><br>
<p>The Dickson County History exhibit tells the story of the iron ore industry in the county as well as highlighting each of the incorporated communities: Burns, Charlotte, Slayden, Vanleer, White Bluff, and Dickson. Interpretive panels introduce visitors to the utopian community of Ruskin and Promise Land, a community founded by freed blacks.</p><br>
<h3>Civil War</h3><br>
<p>The triumph and tragedy of the Civil War tells the story of the 13th and 14th USA Colored Infantry and the building of the railroad during the Civil War. This exhibit now includes a touch-screen that relates Dickson County family stories and memories of the Civil War. An interpretive panel of the Irish Shanty incident in Dickson County has also been added to the exhibit.</p><br>
<h3>Dickson Model Railroad display</h3><br>
<p>The Dickson Model Railroad Club has partnered with the Clement Railroad Hotel Museum to establish a permanent display of model trains, landscaping, and buildings. The display is manned by volunteer "engineers" who maintain the trains as well as both entertain and educate visitors in the art of model railroading. This exhibit recreates the Dickson Rail-yard during the 1920s and 1930s. Interested in helping build this new and exciting model railroad exhibit? The Model Railroad Club is recruiting new members! Drop by the museum and talk with one of the "engineers" in the exhibit.</p><br>
<h3>Hampton High School</h3><br>
<p>Eight principle areas have been created to bring the Dickson County Civil Rights experience to visitors. First and foremost, the exhibit will share the evolution of education for African-Americans in Dickson County. The exhibit discusses the one room school houses that were spread across the county and eventually led to the founding of Hampton High School with its strong history of excellence. Panels will showcase the scholars, students who graduated as valedictorian and salutatorian from 1936 until integration in 1965. View four donated yearbooks, the only ones produced in that time period, plus uniforms and other memorabilia bringing the exhibited School Life of Hampton High into the present.</p><br>
<h3>Governor Clement</h3><br>
<p>On the second floor of the museum, trace Governor Clement&#39;s high school, college, and early career days. Follow his campaigns in the 1952, 1954, and 1962 gubernatorial elections. Learn about his many accomplishments, including peaceful desegregation of Tennessee public schools, free text books for Tennessee school children, establishment of the first department of mental health, and expansion of roads and the Interstate system through Tennessee.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990 as Halbrook Hotel.</p><br>
<p>Tipton-Haynes State Historic Site, known also as Tipton-Haynes House, is a Tennessee State Historic Site located at 2620 South Roan Street in Johnson City, Tennessee. It includes a house originally built in 1784 by Colonel John Tipton , and 10 other buildings, including a smokehouse, pigsty, loom house, still house, springhouse, log barn and corncrib. There is also the home of George Haynes, a Haynes family slave.</p><br>
<p>Tipton led the opposition to the State of Franklin, an unsuccessful attempt by the Tennessee Valley residents to form a state in the mid-1780s. In late February 1788, the so-called "Battle of Franklin" took place when a militia led by John Sevier, who had been elected governor of the proposed state, surrounded the Tipton farm and demanded the return of several slaves Tipton had confiscated. When Tipton refused, gunfire was exchanged, followed by a two-day standoff. Sevier&#39;s forces were finally scattered by the Sullivan County militia. The Franklin movement largely collapsed following this engagement.</p><br>
<p>Following Tiptons death in 1813, the farm passed to his son, John Tipton, Jr. After John Tipton, Jr. died in 1831, his heirs sold the property to a local land speculator, David Haynes, in 1837. In 1839, Haynes gave the farm to his son, Landon Carter Haynes (1816&ndash;1875), as a wedding present. This younger Haynes enlarged the house and added weatherboarding. A Confederate senator during the Civil War, Landon Carter Haynes faced death threats from East Tennessee Unionists, and was forced to flee the region in 1865. He sold the farm to his brother-in-law, Jonesborough publisher Lawson Gifford. In 1945, Giffords grandson, David Simmerly, sold the farm to the Tennessee Historical Commission, though he continued living there until his death.</p><br>
<p>It is one of 18 State Historic Sites, and is operated by the Tipton-Haynes Association under an agreement with the Tennessee Historical Commission. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>Ber Chayim Temple  is a synagogue in Cumberland, Maryland. Ber Chayim counts approximately 72 families as members.</p><br>
<p>B&#39;er Chayim is the oldest synagogue building in continuous use as a synagogue in Maryland and the sixth oldest in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Clergy and leadership</h2><br>
<p>Rabbi Mark J. Perman has served as the spiritual leader of Ber Chayim since July 2016. A native of New York City, Rabbi Perman graduated from the High School of Performing Arts, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, and New York University. Rabbi Perman was officially ordained a cantor in 1997, and he was ordained a rabbi by Mesifta Program in Queens, New York, in 2013. Prior to joining Ber Chayim, Rabbi Perman served as the interim cantor at Congregation Emanu El in Houston.</p><br>
<p>Lee Schwartz serves as president of B&#39;er Chayim.</p><br>
<h2>Religious services and programs</h2><br>
<p>Shabbat services are held Friday evening. Services and celebrations of Jewish holidays, such as Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, and Chanukah, are held throughout the year.</p><br>
<p>Torah study sessions are held twice a month.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Jewish resident recorded in Cumberland dates to 1816. Twelve Jewish families were living in Cumberland, which then had a population of 6,150, in 1853 when congregation B&#39;er Chayim was chartered by the Maryland state legislature. although it is now a Reform congregation.</p><br>
<p>Between 1865 and 1867, the congregation built a two-story, Greek Revival synagogue building on the corner of South Centre and Union Streets. The building cost $7,427.02 to construct. The facade is ornamented with four pilasters, a handsome pediment, and four very un-Greek Rundbogenstil, or round-arched, windows. The building was constructed by local builder John B. Walton.</p><br>
<p>Prayers and sermons were originally held in German, rather than Hebrew.</p><br>
<p>Beth Jacob Synagogue, which was also located in Cumberland, merged with B&#39;er Chayim Temple in 1996.</p><br>
<p>In 2011, the synagogue underwent renovation.</p><br>
<p>Belvoir was the historic plantation and estate of colonial Virginia&#39;s prominent William Fairfax family. It was situated on the west bank of the Potomac River in Fairfax County, Virginia at the present site of Fort Belvoir. The main house — called Belvoir Manor or Belvoir Mansion — burned in 1783 and was completely destroyed during the War of 1812. The site has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1973 as "Belvoir Mansion Ruins and the Fairfax Grave."</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>18th century</h3><br>
<p>Origins</p><br>
<p>William Greens 1669 patent for 1,150 acre encompassed most of the peninsula between Dogue Creek and Accotink Creek, along the Potomac River. Although this property was sub-divided and sold in the early 18th century, it was reassembled during the 1730s to create the central portion of Col. William Fairfaxs 2,200 acre plantation of Belvoir Manor.</p><br>
<p>Plantation house built</p><br>
<p>Fairfax&#39;s elegant new home was completed in 1741. Historic documents and archeological artifacts found at Belvoir Manor both attest to the elegant lifestyle enjoyed by the Fairfax family. The mansion was described in a 1774 rental notice as spacious and well-appointed. Its furnishings consisted of "tables, chairs, and every other necessary article... very elegant." The family imported ceramics from Europe and the Orient to grace its tables.</p><br>
<p>Planters such as William Fairfax comprised a small elite of Fairfax Countys population; most of their neighbors were smaller farmers who sometimes barely managed to make a living. The affluence of such planters was based not only on land and imposing buildings, but on the number of slaves they held. Slaves are in the records-as chattel passed from one generation to another, and as the probable users of the plain unglazed ceramics found in the outbuildings of Belvoir Manor. After William Fairfaxs death in 1757, the plantation passed to his eldest son George William Fairfax (1729–87).</p><br>
<p>Lord Fairfax and Washington visit</p><br>
<p>Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron moved to Virginia between 1735 and 1737 to inspect and protect his lands. Lord Fairfax came to Belvoir, to help oversee his family estates in Virginia&#39;s Northern Neck Proprietary between the Rappahannock and Potomac rivers, inherited from his mother, Catharine, daughter of Thomas Culpeper, 2nd Baron Culpeper of Thoresway; and a great portion of the Shenandoah and South Branch Potomac valleys. The northwestern boundary of his Northern Neck Proprietary was marked by the Fairfax Stone at the headwaters of the North Branch Potomac River. In 1752, Lord Fairfax moved to Greenway Court in the valley of Virginia closer to his undeveloped land. George Washington accepted a surveying assignment for Lord Fairfax at Belvoir.</p><br>
<p>Fairfaxs sister Anne married Lawrence Washington soon after her brother had wed. A young George Washington, Lawrence’s half-brother, began to visit Belvoir frequently. Wishing to advance his brother’s fortunes, Lawrence introduced George to George William. A friendship grew between the two men, despite the fact that George William was seven years older. A relationship blossomed between Sally Fairfax and Washington. Washington and Bryan Fairfax, George William&#39;s younger half-brother, also became friends.</p><br>
<p>Abandonment</p><br>
<p>When Fairfax left Belvoir for England in 1773, he had the estate rented to Rev. Andrew Morton for 7 years. Its furnishings were sold at auction in 1774. It was confiscated during the American Revolutionary War by the Virginia Act of 1779. In 1783, the mansion and several of its outbuildings were destroyed by fire, and the plantation complex gradually deteriorated into ruins. Ferdinando Fairfax, who inherited the property, apparently did not live there. The bluffs below the former mansion site were quarried for building stone, but the house site was not developed.</p><br>
<h3>19th century</h3><br>
<p>Belvoir Plantation suffered further damage during the War of 1812. In August 1814, as British land forces attacked and burned the city of Washington, a British naval squadron sailed up the Potomac River and forced the surrender of Alexandria. The fleet began the 180 mi return trip down river. On September 1, the British attempted to run the deep-water channel below the Belvoir house site, a position that previously had been identified as a strategic defensive location on the river. A hastily assembled American force, composed of Virginia and Alexandria militia under the command of USA Navy Captain David Porter, hurriedly began to mount a battery on the bluff above the river. For four days, British and American forces exchanged cannon and musket fire. The British fleet eventually passed the American positions, but British shells demolished what little was left of the old Belvoir Manor.</p><br>
<p>The association of Belvoir Plantation with the Fairfax family ended with the death of Ferdinando Fairfax in 1820. During the next decade, William Herbert of Alexandria acquired the property, which he quickly used as collateral for a loan. During the 1830s, Thomas Irwin, Herberts creditor, operated the shad fisheries at White House Point. Herberts continued inability to pay his debts eventually led to the sale of Belvoir at public auction in 1838.</p><br>
<p>All of the great 18th-century plantations in the Belvoir area changed considerably in the years before the Civil War. Soil exhaustion and inheritance prompted the sale and sub-division of these formerly expansive tracts of land. As a new generation of landowners took up residence in southeastern Fairfax County, patterns of land use and ownership were altered.</p><br>
<h3>20th century</h3><br>
<p>In 1917, the Belvoir property was consolidated and ceded to the USA Army by Virginia, eventually lending its name to the modern military installation of Fort Belvoir.</p><br>
<p>The Belvoir ruins are on the National Register of Historic Places (1973), but access is restricted since they are on the military post.</p><br>
<p>Roseland Plantation is a historic plantation complex site in Faunsdale, Alabama. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 20, 1994 as a part of the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Roseland Plantation was the longtime home of Samuel Alston Fitts.</p><br>
<p>Samuel Fitts married Sarah Elizabeth Alston of neighboring Clarke County on November 29, 1838. Her parents were William Williams Alston and Mary Haywood Burges, also originally from North Carolina. Fitts had made the plantation a success by 1860, with property valued at $95,000. By this point Roseland was worked by at least 67 slaves.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The plantation house at Roseland Plantation began as a dogtrot house in 1835. A large two-story Greek Revival-style frame addition was added to the front of the dogtrot in the mid-1850s. The former front porch of the dogtrot became a cross-hall and the breezeway of the dogtrot was extended into a very long center-hall in the new construction. The upper floor was accessed from the central hallway via a reverse staircase.</p><br>
<p>The main house and most of the outbuildings have been demolished by neglect, but the largely undisturbed site remains important for archaeological reasons. A dairy cooler and the original log kitchen do remain at the site. A survey done in 1993, prior to its nomination to the National Register, indicated that the main house was in ruins with only a few walls remaining.</p><br>
<p>At the time of the survey a small Greek Revival plantation office had already been removed to another location. The property owners gave it to the Sturdivant Museum Association and it was moved to the grounds of Sturdivant Hall in Selma in order to ensure its preservation. A large seven-seat privy at Roseland, dating from the 1850s, was also donated to the Sturdivant Museum Association in 1979, but was not relocated to Sturdivant Hall until 2005.</p><br>
<p>The William Poole House, also known as the William Cade Thompson House, is a historic plantation house and historic district in Dayton, Alabama. The Greek Revival style house was completed in 1848. It and the surrounding grounds were added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 1994 as a part of the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built by John D. Catlin for his ward, Sarah Altona Terrell, and her husband, William Cade Thompson. He had it built as a wedding gift and to serve as their residence following their marriage on August 10, 1847. Catlin was one of Alabama&#39;s first millionaires, owning three plantations, a townhouse, and 179 slaves in 1850. The house remained in the Thompson family for less than a decade, with William Thompson dying on May 25, 1854 and Sarah following him on July 6, 1856. The house was then purchased by the Browning family, who held it until it was sold to the Watlington family in September 1882. They, in turn, sold it to David Miller Prowell on July 14, 1917. It remained in that family until 1959. It was purchased by Mr. and Mrs. William Poole in 1978. They completed an extensive restoration of the home.</p><br>
<p>Mount Gibralfaro, Monte Gibralfaro, is a hill located in Málaga in southeast Spain. It is a 130 m high foothill of the Montes de Málaga, part of the Cordillera Penibética.</p><br>
<p>At the top of the hill stands the Castle of Gibralfaro overlooking Málaga city and the Mediterranean Sea.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Gibralfaro has been the site of fortifications since the Phoenician foundation of Málaga city, circa 770 BC. At the beginning of the 14th century, Yusuf I of the Kingdom of Granada constructed on its top the eponymous castle within the Phoenician enclosure. The name is said to be derived from the Phoenician word for light, Jbel-Faro, meaning "Rock of Light". The castle is famous for its three-month siege in 1487 by the Catholic monarchs, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, which ended when hunger forced the Malagueños to surrender.</p><br>
<p>At the end of 2005, a thick forest of pines and eucalyptus trees were planted on the hill. On its outskirts are the historical buildings of the seminary and the Alcazaba, the Jardines de Puerta Oscura (Dark Gate Gardens), as well as a Parador.</p><br>
<p>The most visible remains of the Castle today are the solid ramparts rising above the pines. In the Centro de Interpretación de Gibralfaro (Gibralfaro Interpretation Center) in the former gunpowder arsenal of the Castle is a little museum that shows the castle’s history over the centuries since the Reconquest. The castle was used as a military base until 1925.</p><br>
<p>Currently pending approval is a project intended to safeguard the mount and its surroundings from any urban intervention and promote it as a space for public recreation. Another project is planned to build a cable car linking the city center with the Gibralfaro castle.</p><br>
<p>The castle offers a wonderful view of the city of Malaga below. To go there by bus, take the No. 35 bus that leaves from the city centre.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Gibralfaro is part of the southern foothills of the Montes de Málaga, a mountain range of the Cordillera Penibética, formed of materials from the Maláguide complex of the Baetic Cordillera.</p><br>
<p>The Aist is a river system in Upper Austria, a tributary of the Danube. Via its major branches the Feldaist and the Waldaist, and other streams, it drains an area of 647 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<p>The Aist rises in Hohensteg (south of Pregarten) and flows through the protected Natura-2000 site Waldaist-Naarn (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Area) on its 15 km journey to its confluence with the Danube.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The name "Aist" was derived from a Slavic river designation, recorded in ancient documents such as the Wilhelmine deed. Upper Austria, as well as many other parts of Europe were, at that time inhabited by Slavic peoples. The river appeared for the first time in 853 in a deed as "Agasta". In 983 it is called "Agesta". The prefix "ag" means "drive" or "fast". The name of Dietmar von Aist (1140–1171), a Minnesänger may be related to the Aist.</p><br>
<p>In the August 2002 flood, the entire Aist area was devastated.</p><br>
<p>Skåla is a mountain in the municipality of Stryn in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The mountain is located about 7 km east of the village of Loen and about 7 km south of the lake Oppstrynsvatn. There are two summits to the mountain, one at 1,843 m and one at 1,848 m above sea level. The latter one is sometimes called Stryneskåla. Every year there is a race from the village of Loen up the mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Skålatårnet/Kloumantårnet</h2><br>
<p>The tower at the top of the 1843 m. summit is built from rocks. It is called Skålatårnet ("Skåla tower") or Kloumantårnet ("Klouman tower"). The construction of the tower was initiated by Doctor Hans Henrik Gerhard Klouman from the nearby village of Innvik. It was built as a means to cure tuberculosis, which was widespread in the late 19th century. The walls in the tower are 50 cm wide, and there are two floors. Today, the tower is accessible to the public, with 22 beds. It is administered by Bergen Turlag, a subsidiary of the Norwegian Trekking Association.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name of the mountain is the finite form of skål which means "scale" or "bowl". In the hillside that faces the lake Strynsvatnet has a large depression in it which is shaped like a bowl.</p><br>
<h2>Skiing</h2><br>
<p>Skåla is one of the best backcountry skiing mountains in Norway. The trail up is also possible to reach during the winter. It takes about five hours to reach the top and gives you a downhill experience to remember.</p><br>
<p>Big Bottom Farm is a farm in Allegany County, Maryland, USA on the National Register of Historic Places. The Greek Revival house was built circa 1845, possibly by John Jacob Smouse, and exhibits a level of historically accurate detailing unusual for the area. The property includes a late 19th-century barn and several frame outbuildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Located in the town of Dickens in Allegany County, Maryland, Big Bottom Farms central farmhouse was built in the mid-19th century by John Jacob Smouse, whose family owned land in the county around Evitts Creek.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Big Bottom farm includes a number of farm buildings dating from the 19th century and early 20th century. The oldest of these is the brick farmhouse itself, built with a number of features influenced by Greek Revival architecture. It has two stories, five bays, and a gable roof, with a two floor extension in the rear with two additional bays. A later extension added on this rear wing added a third bay. The front of the building is decorated with Flemish bond brickwork, with a centerpiece Greek Revival-influenced porch over a first floor door. A door from the second floor opens onto the top of the porch. This porch has fluted Doric columns, a dentiled cornice, and an iron railing surrounding its flat roof. It shades a four-panel door edged by transom and sidelights.</p><br>
<p>There was likely a two-story porch on the rear extension as well when the house was originally built, but it has since been enclosed. The windows are 6/6 sash and have louvered shutters. Each gable end of the building is topped by a brick chimney. Inside, it has a central stair hall with a large room to either side, and is decorated with mid-19th-century Greek Revival woodwork, consisting largely of symmetrical molding, fluted in the main parlor, with mantles of flat pilasters supporting deep shelves. Aside from the farmhouse, the farm includes a late 19th-century barn, a machinery shed, a corn crib, a wash house, and two chicken coops.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The core structure of its farmhouse is typical of farmhouses in western Maryland, but the Greek Revival touches make it unique among such buildings in Allegany County. Its detailing is largely intact.</p><br>
<p>The Pothigai Hills, also known as the Agasthiyar Malai are in the Ashambu Hills in the southern part of the Western Ghats of South India. Ancient tradition holds the mountains of Pothigai to be where the sage Agastya  provided the first grammar for the Tamil language. This grammar was further fine tuned by one of his disciples in the Tolkāppiyam.</p><br>
<p>These hills contain areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance. The hills contain outstanding examples of ecosystems and communities of plants and animals representing significant ecological and biological processes. The area contains important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including forests containing threatened species of outstanding value to science and conservation.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The western slope is located in the Thiruvananthapuram District of Kerala state, eastern slope of Pothigai hills is in the Tirunelveli District, southern slope is located in Kanyakumari District of Tamil Nadu. At 1,866 meters, it is the highest peak in the rugged Ashambu hills, which have one of the richest concentrations of biodiversity in the Western Ghats. The area is known for its spectacular views, beautiful forests and waterfalls, ancient temples, and the river Tamirabarani, the lifeline of the region.</p><br>
<h2>Environment</h2><br>
<p>Agastyamalai is home to the Kanikkaran people, one of the oldest surviving hunter-gatherer tribes in the world.</p><br>
<p>The Ashambu Hills include the Indian Ecoregions of South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests above 500 m, South Western Ghats montane rain forests above 1,000 m and shola-grasslands complex on peaks above 1,600 m.</p><br>
<p>These hills are noted as the habitat for at least 2,000 species of medicinal plants, of which at least 50 are rare and endangered species. There are also wild relatives of jackfruit, mango, cardamom, turmeric and banana.</p><br>
<p>Endangered mammals here include the Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, lion-tailed macaques, Nilgiri tahr and the vulnerable gaur, sloth bear, Malabar spiny dormouse and Nilgiri marten. There are also Jerdon&#39;s palm civet, gray slender loris, great pied hornbills and king cobras. Ecotourism is popular in the area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Pothigai hills are mentioned as Potiyil, Potiyal, Pothikai and Potalaka in historical sources largely in relation to the river Tamraparni and the ancient Sage Agastya (Akattiyan).</p><br>
<p>The Egyptian Greek cartographer Ptolemy names the mountain "Bettigo", from where three rivers rise, including Solen (Tamraparni River), meaning chank - the river was famous for its pearl fishing.</p><br>
<p>At the mountains, Tamil was created by Agastya, according to Kamban and Villiputturar, while Kancipuranam and Tiruvilaiyatarpuranam assert Lord Shiva taught Agastya Tamil just as he had taught Panini Sanskrit. Tamil Hindu tradition holds that Lord Shiva and Lord Murugan taught Agastya the Tamil language, who then constructed a Tamil grammar, at Pothigai mountains. According to the Tambraparni Mahatmyam, an ancient account of the river from its rise to its mouth, a string of red lotus flowers from sage Agastya at Agastya Malai, Pothigai hills, transformed itself into a damsel at the sight of Lord Siva, forming the river at the source and giving it its divine name, Tamraparni. The shrine to Agastya at the Pothigai hill source of the Tamraparni river is mentioned in both Ilango Adigals Silappatikaram and Chithalai Chathanars Manimekhalai epics, in relation to blessings sought by Sugriva and his army from the Ramayana.</p><br>
<p>Peraciriyar states that Agastya taught this grammar to Tolkappiyar, one of his twelve disciples, at Pothigai hills, who then wrote Tolkāppiyam, although mentions that some scholars believe Tolkappiyar based the Tamil grammar on other forms no longer extant; Agastya is not mentioned in Tolkāppiyam. Paripāṭal of the Eṭṭuttokai anthology speaks of "vaynta Potiyin munivan", the famous sage of Poti". In Naccinarkiniyars commentaries, quoting lines of Nakkeerar, Agastya is associated with the Pothigai mountains and pure Tamil. In Sundarars Tevaram, the Pothigai mountains are mentioned.</p><br>
<p>Following the establishment of Siddhar Gnana Koodam, and traveling the world to spread his knowledge, Agastya returned to Agastya Mala, the point on the Pothigai hills where he merged into the cosmos. A temple dedicated to him is built here, close to the Papanasam Falls, on the banks of the Thamirabarani River. Pilgrims believe Sage Agastya gives appearances to sincere aspirants and devotees.</p><br>
<p>Tamil Buddhist tradition developed in Chola literature, such as in Buddamitras Virasoliyam, states Agastya learnt Tamil from the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara; the earlier Chinese traveler Xuanzang recorded the existence of a temple dedicated to Avalokitesvara in the South Indian hill Potala. A Buddhist text, Tarasukkam, refers to Avalokitesvara as "Potalagirinivasini". The author of the Silappatikaram, utilizing the word "Potiyil" for the hills, hails the southern breeze that emanates from the hills that blows over the kingdom of the Pandyans of Madurai and Korkai that own it. Chithalai Chathanars Manimekhalai describes a river flowing on the slope of Potiyil mountain where the Buddhist monks observed meditation. The author utilized the word "Potiyil" for Buddhist pallis.G. Kamalakar, M. Veerender, Birla Archaeological & Cultural Research Institute</p><br>
<p>Sharada Pub. House, 1 Jan 2005. Buddhism: art, architecture, literature & philosophy, Volume 1 In fellow Sangam work Kuṟuntokai of the Eṭṭuttokai anthology, a Buddhist vihara under a Banyan tree is described at the top of the mountain. A comment that God had disappeared from the mountain was found in Ahananuru, from whose inaccessible top the stream of clear waters flows down with noise in torrents, and the fact that old men assembled and played dice in the dilapidated temple is described in Purananuru.</p><br>
<p>The Japanese scholar Shu Hikosaka on the basis of his study of Buddhist scriptures, ancient Tamil literature, as well as field survey, proposes the hypothesis that, the ancient mount Potalaka, the residence of Avalokiteśvara described in the Gaṇḍavyūha Sūtra and Xuanzang’s Records, is the real mountain Pothigai (or Potiyil) situated at Ambasamudram in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. Shu also says that mount Potiyil/Potalaka has been a sacred place for the people of South India from time immemorial. With the spread of Buddhism in the region beginning at the time of the great king Aśoka in the third century B.C.E., it became a holy place also for Buddhists who gradually became dominant as a number of their hermits settled there. The local people, though, mainly remained followers of the Hindu religion. The mixed Hindu-Buddhist cult culminated in the formation of the figure of Avalokiteśvara.</p><br>
<h2>Protected areas</h2><br>
<p>The eastern side of the hills in Tamil Nadu includes the Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), a 895 km&sup2; protected area. The Kerala side of the hills hosts the 128 km&sup2; Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, the 53 km&sup2; Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, the 171 km&sup2; Shenduruny Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kulathupuzha and Palode Reserve forests near Courtallam. The Naraikadu forest or “grey jungle”, surrounded by the Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, is privately owned by the Dhonavur Fellowship. This community has restored and protected the area so well that it is one of the best preserved forest tracts in the whole Ashambu Hills.</p><br>
<p>These protected areas in the Agasthyamala Hills comprise the Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve (ABR). This reserve includes 3,500.36 km&sup2; out of which 1,828 km&sup2; is in Kerala and 1,672.36 km&sup2; is in Tamil Nadu.</p><br>
<p>The Western Ghats, Agasthyamalai Sub-Cluster, including all of Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, included in Man and the Biosphere(MAB) programme by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee that concluded in Peru on March 19,2016.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>There are several Hindu Temples and seasonal waterfalls which are important tourist attractions in these hills. At Suruli Falls there is a 2-stage Cascading water fall The Suruli River supplying the falls originates from the Meghamalai Hills. The falls drop from a height of 150 ft collect into a pool, flow for a short distance and again plummet an additional 40 ft. Near the falls are 18 caves some of which represent Indian rock-cut architecture temples of the 18th Century. This popular destination for tourists and devout pilgrims is easily reached by road 56 km from Theni and 10 km from Cumbum in the Theni District.</p><br>
<p>Many pilgrims climb Agasthyamalai in the core of the hills to perform a puja ceremony at the Agasthya Murti on the top the Peak. Most pilgrims use the well-worn path through Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary on the Kerala side.</p><br>
<p>The trekkers start from Bonaccord estate in Thiruvananthapuram district with a guide from the Forest Department. The first night is spent at a camp facility set up by the Department in the middle of the forests. Trekkers reach the peak the next day and return to the camp the same day. Only 100 pilgrims per day are allowed on this route during the January February season.</p><br>
<p>Visitors must obtain an entry pass from the Trivandrum Forest Headquarters against payment of Rs 500.From 2014 onwards booking can be done through Kerala Forest website. Apply to: Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife), Forest Headquarters, Trivandrum 695 014. Phone: 0471 322217. The Chief Conservator (Agasthyavanam) Phone: 325385 is responsible for on site management of the protected areas on the Kerala side of the Hills.</p><br>
<p>The "Old National Pike Milestones" marked each mile of the old National Road in Maryland, an eastern coastal state of the United States, from its dominating city of Baltimore to major towns of western Maryland, as Frederick, and between it and Hagerstown, to Hancock, through to Cumberland in the western panhandle of the state in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains. The surviving stones have been included in the "National Register of Historic Places", maintained by the National Park Service of the USA Department of the Interior, and may be seen along the route variously designated as USA Route 40, Maryland Route 144, Alternate USA Route 40, and several other roads that trace the path of the original "Old National Pike". From Baltimore to Cumberland, the road was surveyed and laid out with construction in several phases over different periods of time by several turnpike companies, chartered by the General Assembly of Maryland beginning in 1808. Earlier in 1806, the United States Congress with the approval of third President Thomas Jefferson, authorized the surveying and further construction of a "national road" to continue on from Cumberland on the upstream of the Potomac River further to the west across additional mountainous ranges in the Allegheny Mountains to the newly admitted State of Ohio . Later the congressional action was amended to direct the road to the state boundaries on the Ohio River and it eventually landed at Wheeling, Virginia. In later decades, the road was extended west across Ohio, Indiana and into the Illinois Country, to eventually terminate by the 1840s in Vandalia, the territorial capital of Illinois, just east of the Mississippi River, and northeast of the newly emergent, frontier river port metropolis of St. Louis of the Missouri Territory and the former Louisiana Purchase of 1803 to the west.</p><br>
<p>The "Old Pike" milestones in Maryland are about 30 inches tall, twelve inches wide and eight inches deep, with rounded tops and the inscription XX miles to B, referring to the distance to Baltimore, the road&#39;s terminus. The composition of the stones varies, with the first 39 milestones of Baltimore gneiss from the area of Ellicott City. Stones from Frederick to Boonsboro are quartzite from the area of the Monocacy River. A unique white limestone with a distinctive inscription was employed from Boonsboro to Hagerstown, while west of Hagerstown the stones are gray limestone.</p><br>
<p>Sixty-nine stones still remained on the "Old National Pike" at the time the stones were nominated to the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Airmount Grave Shelter, also known as the Hope Family Grave Shelter is a brick grave shelter, or grave house, located in the Airmount Cemetery near Thomasville, Alabama. It is unusual in that it protects six graves instead of the more common one grave. The brick structure was built in 1853 by John Hope. It is built in a vernacular Greek Revival style with a gabled roof. The interior features a wooden vaulted ceiling. The shelter was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 24, 2000 as a part of the Clarke County Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<h2>Burials</h2><br>
<p>The shelter contains the graves of the following individuals:</p><br>
<p>Archibald H. Hope, May 20, 1823 – September 26, 1850.</p><br>
<p>Margaret Hope, November 20, 1797 – May 1851.</p><br>
<p>Jane A. Hope, February 9, 1813 – November 22, 1852.</p><br>
<p>John Allison Hope, October 3, 1855 – October 25, 1856.</p><br>
<p>John Hope, October 3, 1791 – April 6, 1868.</p><br>
<p>Sarah Jane Powell Hope, July 7, 1829 – July 7, 1885.</p><br>
<p>The Stockbridge Indian Cemetery is a cemetery north of Stockbridge, Wisconsin. It is located on Moore Road just west of Wisconsin Highway 55. The cemetery was established in 1834 after the Stockbridge Indians moved to the community. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Stockbridge initially lived in New York and Massachusetts, but were forced by the federal government to come to Wisconsin. They were largely Christianized farmers and the Indian Commissioners hoped that this acculturation would rub off on the neighboring Indians here. Chief John Metoxin, whose stone is in the cemetery, led them through this movement.</p><br>
<p>But here again white farmers wanted their land, and in the 1840s the government pushed them to dissolve the tribe or sell their land and move west. After debate within the tribe, they decided to stay together. John Quinney (who is also buried in the cemetery) traveled to Washington repeatedly, arguing for the Stockbridge, and finally obtained the right for them to stay in Wisconsin. Many of them moved to Shawano County, and their descendants live in the Stockbridge-Munsee Community there.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery is all that remains of the community at Stockbridge.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>The cemetery contains interments of Stockbridge Indians. Notable grave sites include:</p><br>
<p>John Wannuaucon Quinney, Stockbridge diplomat, wrote the Stockbridge nation&#39;s constitution</p><br>
<p>Electa Quinney, John&#39;s sister, was the first public school teacher in Wisconsin</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Harry E. Donnell House, also known as The Hill, is a historic 33-room Tudor mansion located on the north shore of Long Island, at 71 Locust Lane, Eatons Neck, Suffolk County, New York. The mansion was designed by prominent New York City architect Harry E. Donnell for his wife, Ruth Robinson Donnell on 200 acre of land given to the couple by Ruth&#39;s father George H. Robinson. The mansion was constructed in June, 1902 and completed in January, 1903 by the Randall and Miller Company of Freeport, New York. When completed, the mansion had dual waterfronts. The east lawn extended from the mansion to Duck Island Harbor, and had sweeping views of Long Island Sound, while the south lawn extended to Northport Bay. About 80 acre northwest of the mansion was fashioned into a golf course.</p><br>
<p>In 1927, the estate was subdivided, and the Eaton Harbors Corporation created to maintain the private roads and beaches for the new owners in the subdivision. During the Great Depression sales of building lots on the old estate moved slowly. In 1964, the mansion and 4 acre were sold by Nicholas Donnell Ward to the Lang family, and in 1977 purchased by the Treuting and McBrien families. In 1987, it was purchased by Robert Gerlach.</p><br>
<p>In 1997, the mansion was sold to the Carr family, who obtained the original architectural plans from Nicholas D. Ward and used them to restore the mansion to its original design and finish. In 2002, the Carrs obtained a special use permit from the Town of Huntington, New York to operate a bed and breakfast after a lengthy court battle.</p><br>
<p>The Harry E. Donnell House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>The Herman Melville House is a historic home located at Lansingburgh in Troy, Rensselaer County, New York. It was a home of author Herman Melville between 1838 and 1847.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The home was originally built about 1786 and substantially remodeled in the Late Victorian style about 1872. It is a -story, brick and timber frame dwelling with a gable roof. It has a 2-story rear wing.</p><br>
<p>Herman Melville and his family moved to Lansingburgh in 1838 after deaths in the family and financial concerns. Five years later, in 1843, Melvilles brother Allan reflected on the house as "very pleasantly situated on the bank of the Hudson (where I am now writing). Economy was the object of this change of location, and the only one which influenced my mother to forsake the place of her heart, her early companions and old friends." During the familys time here, they were nearly impoverished, and Melville&#39;s mother Maria Gansevoort Melville relied on financial support from family and frequently wrote letters complaining to her brothers and asking for help. In December 1839, for example, she wrote: "It cannot be possible that I am to be left by my two Brothers to struggle with absolute want... If I have nothing to expect from my brothers but tardy, uncertain remitances, extracted only by painful relations of want — the Family must be broken up and its members dispersed."</p><br>
<p>During his time here, Melville joined a local debating society, sent letters to the town newspaper, wrote a few love poems and, in 1839, published a two-part sketch titled "Fragments from a Writing-Desk" in the Democratic Press and Lansingburgh Advertiser. He also surveying at the surveying at the Lansingburgh Academy in the unfulfilled hope of pursuing work with the Erie Canal. In the summer of 1839, he also took his first sea voyage: a four-month trip to Liverpool. Upon his return, he taught at schools in Greenbush and Brunswick. The next year, 1840, he and a friend visited family in Galena, Illinois, before returning to New York. It is believed that Melville wrote his first two novels while living in this home.</p><br>
<p>The Melville family&#39;s former home is today preserved and maintained by the Lansingburgh Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Dutchess Company Superintendent&#39;s House is a home located on Market Street in the western corner of the village of Wappingers Falls, New York, United States. It is a large brick residence that was built as housing for the manager of the Dutchess Company, a large local printing works, shortly after the plant was built in 1848.</p><br>
<p>It is primarily in the Greek Revival architectural style, with some Gothic Revival decorative touches. In 1984 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house is a three-story, five-bay brick building with a symmetrical front facade. The front entrance and its sidelights are centrally located on a shed-roofed porch built in the mid 20th-century. It replaced an original veranda that wrapped around all but the east side. A portion was left on the north side, along with its Gothic Revival posts, capitals and other trim.</p><br>
<p>On the roofline, a steeply pitched central gable, decorated with Gothic Revival vergeboard, reinforces the entrance. There are two brick chimneys at either end of the roof.</p><br>
<p>The inside floor plan is the standard Greek Revival central-hall style. The entrance&#39;s sidelights and full transom are also hallmarks of that style. There are no outbuildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1848, shortly after the Dutchess Company was incorporated. The first superintendent, a Mr. Radclift, was its first occupant.</p><br>
<p>It remained in company ownership until the company failed in the 20th century, at which point it was purchased by the then-superintendent, William Bogle. It has remained a private home ever since.</p><br>
<h2>Aesthetics</h2><br>
<p>The houses design and location reflect some social considerations as well as aethetic ideals of its time. Its Greek Revival scale and mass reflect the factory superintendents superior position within the communitys industrial hierarchy, as well as its location some distance away from the plant and worker housing in the center of town, echoing the superintendents position distance from his subordinates. It was similar to the company owners&#39; houses (none of which survive intact) in size, but unlike them it was located at the bottom of the hill, closer to the plant and the workers than they were.</p><br>
<p>Its decorative touches, such as the piazza-style original veranda, pointed gable and scroll-sawn vergeboard, suggest an embrace of the Picturesque mode then being popularized by Andrew Jackson Downing of nearby Newburgh. The house&#39;s placement in a wooded area near Wappinger Creek is also reflective of this ideal.</p><br>
<p>The Col di Lana is a mountain of the Fanes Group in the Italian Dolomites. The actual peak is called Cima Lana and situated in the municipality of Livinallongo del Col di Lana  in the Province of Belluno, Veneto region.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>World War I</h3><br>
<p>During World War I the mountain, alongside the neighbouring Monte Sief, was the scene of heavy fighting between Austria-Hungary and Italy. It is now a memorial to the War in the Dolomites.</p><br>
<p>During the years of 1915/16, Italian troops from 12 infantry and 14 Alpini companies repeatedly attempted to storm the peak, defended first by the German Alpenkorps and later by Austro-Hungarian regiments. These attempts resulted in heavy losses; 278 Italians died due to avalanches alone. On 8 November 1915 the Italians, under the command of Lt. Col. Giuseppe Garibaldi II conquered the summit but then could only mount a weak defence with rag-tag units against a well orchestrated pincer manoeuvre: the top of the Col di Lana fell back to Austro-Hungarian troops early the next day. A terrible winter then set in, doing its fair share of killing. However this is not the only reason that the Italians dubbed it "Col di Sangue", "Blood Mountain". Like all sides in the First World War, the Italian Army sought to conquer the summit with relatively large forces, paying a high price in casualties.</p><br>
<p>In 1916, Col di Lana became the site of fierce mine warfare on the Italian Front. Lieutenant Caetani of the Italian engineers developed a plan for mining the peak, which was executed silently using hand-operating drilling machines and chisels. At the start of 1916, the Austro-Hungarian army learned through an artillery observer on Pordoi Pass that the Col di Lana summit had been mined. The Austro-Hungarians began a counter mine, and exploded this on 6 April 1916. The counter mine was, however, too far away from the Italian explosive tunnel. This was laid with five tonnes of blasting gelatin. On the night of 16/17 April 1916, the 5th Company of the 2nd Tyrolean Kaiserjäger regiment was relieved by the 6th Company, under Oberleutnant Anton von Tschurtschenthaler. The struggle reached its zenith on the night of 17/18 April 1916, when at around 23:30 the summit was blasted. The Austro-Hungarians under Tschurtschenthaler then had to surrender the mountain; however they were able to maintain a position on Monte Sief, which is linked to Col di Lana by a ridge, which was cut in two by a mine fired on 21 October 1917 by Austro-Hungarian soldiers, thereby obstructing the Italian breakthrough in the area.</p><br>
<h3>Memorial</h3><br>
<p>Today a memorial chapel stands on the summit as a memorial to the soldiers that fell in battle. The remains of a barracks and decaying gun and communications trenches have been left behind from the war. There is also a small war museum on the mountain.</p><br>
<p>The route is from Pieve di Livinallongo (1,465 m) via the Rifugio Pian della Lasta (1,835 m); there is a road as far as the hut.</p><br>
<p>The Cannon Building in Troy, New York is located on Broadway between First and State streets. It is the oldest building on Monument Square. It was designed by Alexander Jackson Davis and built in 1835. In 1970 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is also a contributing property to the Central Troy Historic District, listed on the Register in 1986.</p><br>
<p>Davis, who collaborated with Ithiel Town on the building, used the then-popular Greek Revival style to produce one of the rare surviving large-scale commercial buildings in that style. After two fires in the years after the Civil War, a mansard roof, usually associated with that era&#39;s Second Empire style, was added to the top of the building to create an unusual combination. It continues to be used as a retail-office building, although a developer is redoing the upper floors as an extended-stay hotel.</p><br>
<h2>Building and history</h2><br>
<p>The Cannon Building is five stories high, 22 bays wide by five deep. It is made of load-bearing brick augmented by wooden floor joists inside. The upper story is a mansard roof with bracketed cornice and pedimented dormers.</p><br>
<p>Originally, it was four stories in height. The mansard roof was added in 1870 during reconstruction in the wake of two fires. The easternmost storefronts are original. In the later 19th century, the building was home to Frears Troy Bazaar, at the time one of the citys premier retailers.</p><br>
<p>In the early 2000s film producer and developer Sandy Horowitz was looking for properties to buy to offset, for tax purposes, the sale of others he had owned in New York City. A broker led him upstate to Troy, where he bought Cannon and several other Monument Square properties. Which he now owes Troy $323,000 in back taxes. He redeveloped the upper three floors into 30 units named Cannon Place for an extended-stay hotel, seeing visiting faculty at nearby Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Russell Sage College who wanted to live within walking distance of those institutions as a target market. He also added amenities such as a spa and Internet cafe to the ground floor.</p><br>
<p>In September 2009, the ground floor restaurant was closed for back taxes.</p><br>
